ci(merge): fix thecodingmachine target

Bumps [codecov/codecov-action](https://github.com/codecov/codecov-action) from 4 to 5.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/codecov/codecov-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/codecov/codecov-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/codecov/codecov-action/compare/v4...v5)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: codecov/codecov-action
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

.env

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+GOLANG_VERSION=1.23
+DOCKER_REGISTRY=gotenberg
+DOCKER_REPOSITORY=gotenberg
+GOTENBERG_VERSION=snapshot
+GOTENBERG_USER_GID=1001
+GOTENBERG_USER_UID=1001
+NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION=v2.047 # See https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-emoji/releases.
+PDFTK_VERSION=v3.3.3 # See https://gitlab.com/pdftk-java/pdftk/-/releases - Binary package.
+PDFCPU_VERSION=v0.8.1 # See https://github.com/pdfcpu/pdfcpu/releases.
+GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION=v1.63.4 # See https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/releases.
+GOTENBERG_VERSION=snapshot
+DOCKERFILE=build/Dockerfile
+DOCKERFILE_CLOUDRUN=build/Dockerfile.cloudrun
+DOCKER_BUILD_CONTEXT='.'

.github/actions/build-push/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+name: Build and Push
+description: Build and push Docker images
+author: Julien Neuhart
+
+inputs:
+  github_token:
+    description: The GitHub token
+    required: true
+    default: ${{ github.token }}
+  docker_hub_username:
+    description: The Docker Hub username
+    required: true
+  docker_hub_password:
+    description: The Docker Hub password
+    required: true
+  platform:
+    description: linux/amd64, linux/386, linux/arm64, linux/arm/v7
+    required: true
+  version:
+    description: Gotenberg version
+    required: true
+  alternate_repository:
+    description: Alternate repository to push the tags to
+  dry_run:
+    description: Dry run this action
+
+outputs:
+  tags:
+    description: Comma separated list of tag
+    value: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+  tags_cloud_run:
+    description: Comma separated list of Cloud Run tags (linux/amd64 only)
+    value: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Set up QEMU
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+    - name: Check out code
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Log in to Docker Hub
+      uses: docker/login-action@v3
+      with:
+        username: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_username }}
+        password: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_password }}
+
+    - name: Build and push ${{ inputs.platform }}
+      id: build_push
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        .github/actions/build-push/build-push.sh \
+          --version "${{ inputs.version }}" \
+          --platform "${{ inputs.platform }}" \
+          --alternate-repository "${{ inputs.alternate_repository }}" \
+          --dry-run "${{ inputs.dry_run }}"
+
+    - name: Outputs
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        echo "tags=${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}"
+        echo "tags_cloud_run=${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}"

.github/actions/build-push/build-push.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit early.
+# See: https://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/bash/manual/bash.html#The-Set-Builtin.
+set -e
+
+# Source dot env file.
+source .env
+
+# Arguments.
+version=""
+platform=""
+alternate_repository=""
+dry_run=""
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case $1 in
+    --version)
+      version="${2//v}"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --platform)
+      platform="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --alternate-repository)
+      alternate_repository="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --dry-run)
+      dry_run="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unknown option $1"
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+echo "Build and push 👷"
+echo
+
+echo "Gotenberg version: $version"
+echo "Target platform: $platform"
+
+if [ -n "$alternate_repository" ]; then
+  DOCKER_REPOSITORY=$alternate_repository
+  echo "⚠️ Using $alternate_repository for DOCKER_REPOSITORY"
+ fi
+
+ if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+   echo "🚧 Dry run"
+ fi
+
+# Build tags arrays.
+tags=()
+tags_cloud_run=()
+
+IFS='/' read -ra arch <<< "$platform"
+IFS='.' read -ra semver <<< "$version"
+
+if [ "${#semver[@]}" -eq 3 ]; then
+  echo
+  echo "Semver version detected"
+
+  major="${semver[0]}"
+  minor="${semver[1]}"
+  patch="${semver[2]}"
+
+  tags+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:latest-${arch[1]}")
+  tags+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major-${arch[1]}")
+  tags+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major.$minor-${arch[1]}")
+  tags+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major.$minor.$patch-${arch[1]}")
+
+  if [ "$platform" = "linux/amd64" ]; then
+    tags_cloud_run+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:latest-cloudrun")
+    tags_cloud_run+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major-cloudrun")
+    tags_cloud_run+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major.$minor-cloudrun")
+    tags_cloud_run+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$major.$minor.$patch-cloudrun")
+  fi
+else
+  echo
+  echo "Non-semver version detected, fallback to $version"
+
+  tags+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$version-${arch[1]}")
+  if [ "$platform" = "linux/amd64" ]; then
+    tags_cloud_run+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$version-cloudrun")
+  fi
+fi
+
+tags_flags=()
+tags_cloud_run_flags=()
+
+echo "Will push the following tags:"
+for tag in "${tags[@]}"; do
+  tags_flags+=("-t" "$tag")
+  echo "- $tag"
+done
+for tag in "${tags_cloud_run[@]}"; do
+  tags_cloud_run_flags+=("-t" "$tag")
+  echo "- $tag"
+done
+echo
+
+# Build and push images.
+run_cmd() {
+  local cmd="$1"
+
+  if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "🚧 Dry run - would run the following command:"
+    echo "$cmd"
+    echo
+  else
+    echo "⚙️ Running command:"
+    echo "$cmd"
+    eval "$cmd"
+    echo
+  fi
+}
+
+join() {
+  local delimiter="$1"
+  shift
+  local IFS="$delimiter"
+  echo "$*"
+}
+
+cmd="docker buildx build \
+    --build-arg GOLANG_VERSION=$GOLANG_VERSION \
+    --build-arg GOTENBERG_VERSION=$version \
+    --build-arg GOTENBERG_USER_GID=$GOTENBERG_USER_GID \
+    --build-arg GOTENBERG_USER_UID=$GOTENBERG_USER_UID \
+    --build-arg NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION=$NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION \
+    --build-arg PDFTK_VERSION=$PDFTK_VERSION \
+    --build-arg PDFCPU_VERSION=$PDFCPU_VERSION \
+    --push \
+    --platform $platform \
+    ${tags_flags[*]} \
+    -f $DOCKERFILE $DOCKER_BUILD_CONTEXT
+"
+run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+if [ "$platform" != "linux/amd64" ]; then
+    echo "⚠️ Skip Cloud Run variant(s)"
+    echo "✅ Done!"
+    echo "tags=$(join "," "${tags[@]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+    echo "tags_cloud_run=$(join "," "${tags_cloud_run[@]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+source_tag_cloud_run="$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$version-${arch[1]}"
+cmd="docker pull $source_tag_cloud_run"
+run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+ target_tag_cloud_run="$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$version"
+ cmd="docker image tag $source_tag_cloud_run $target_tag_cloud_run"
+ run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+cmd="docker build \
+    --build-arg DOCKER_REGISTRY=$DOCKER_REGISTRY \
+    --build-arg DOCKER_REPOSITORY=$DOCKER_REPOSITORY \
+    --build-arg GOTENBERG_VERSION=$version \
+    --push \
+    ${tags_cloud_run_flags[*]} \
+    -f $DOCKERFILE_CLOUDRUN $DOCKER_BUILD_CONTEXT
+"
+run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+echo "✅ Done!"
+echo "tags=$(join "," "${tags[@]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+echo "tags_cloud_run=$(join "," "${tags_cloud_run[@]}")" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+exit 0

.github/actions/clean/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+name: Clean
+description: Clean tags from Docker Hub
+author: Julien Neuhart
+
+inputs:
+  docker_hub_username:
+    description: The Docker Hub username
+    required: true
+  docker_hub_password:
+    description: The Docker Hub password
+    required: true
+  tags:
+    description: Comma separated list of tags to clean
+  snapshot_version:
+    description: Snapshot version to clean
+  dry_run:
+    description: Dry run this action
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Clean tags from Docker Hub
+      env:
+        DOCKERHUB_USERNAME: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_username }}
+        DOCKERHUB_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_password }}
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        .github/actions/clean/clean.sh \
+          --tags "${{ inputs.tags }}" \
+          --snapshot-version "${{ inputs.snapshot_version }}" \
+          --dry-run "${{ inputs.dry_run }}"

.github/actions/clean/clean.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit early.
+# See: https://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/bash/manual/bash.html#The-Set-Builtin.
+set -e
+
+# Source dot env file.
+source .env
+
+# Arguments.
+tags=""
+snapshot_version=""
+dry_run=""
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case $1 in
+    --tags)
+      tags="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --snapshot-version)
+      snapshot_version="${2//v}"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --dry-run)
+      dry_run="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unknown option $1"
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+echo "Clean tag(s) from Docker Hub 🧹"
+echo
+
+IFS=',' read -ra tags_to_delete <<< "$tags"
+if [ -n "$snapshot_version" ]; then
+  tags_to_delete+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/snapshot:$snapshot_version")
+  tags_to_delete+=("$DOCKER_REGISTRY/snapshot:$snapshot_version-cloudrun")
+fi
+
+echo "Will delete the following tag(s):"
+for tag in "${tags_to_delete[@]}"; do
+  echo "- $tag"
+done
+
+ if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+   echo "🚧 Dry run"
+ fi
+echo
+
+# Delete tags.
+base_url="https://hub.docker.com/v2"
+token=""
+
+if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+  token="placeholder"
+  echo "🚧 Dry run - would call $base_url to get a token"
+  echo
+else
+    echo "🌐 Get token from $base_url"
+
+    readarray -t lines < <(
+      curl -s -X POST \
+           -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+           -d "{\"username\":\"$DOCKERHUB_USERNAME\", \"password\":\"$DOCKERHUB_TOKEN\"}" \
+           -w "\n%{http_code}" \
+           "$base_url/users/login"
+    )
+
+    http_code="${lines[-1]}"
+    unset 'lines[-1]'
+    json_body=$(printf "%s\n" "${lines[@]}")
+
+    if [ "$http_code" -ne "200" ]; then
+      echo "❌ Wrong HTTP status - $http_code"
+      echo "$json_body"
+      exit 1
+    fi
+
+    token=$(jq -r '.token' <<< "$json_body")
+    echo
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$token" ]; then
+  echo "❌ No token from Docker Hub"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+for tag in "${tags_to_delete[@]}"; do
+  if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "🚧 Dry run - would call $base_url to delete tag $tag"
+    echo
+  else
+      echo "🌐 Delete tag $tag"
+      IFS=':' read -ra tag_parts <<< "$tag"
+
+      readarray -t lines < <(
+        curl -s -X DELETE \
+             -H "Authorization: Bearer $token" \
+             -w "\n%{http_code}" \
+             "$base_url/repositories/${tag_parts[0]}/tags/${tag_parts[1]}/"
+      )
+
+      http_code="${lines[-1]}"
+      unset 'lines[-1]'
+
+      if [ "$http_code" -ne "200" ] && [ "$http_code" -ne "204" ]; then
+        echo "❌ Wrong HTTP status - $http_code"
+        printf '%s\n' "${lines[@]}"
+        exit 1
+      fi
+
+      echo
+  fi
+done
+
+echo "✅ Done!"
+exit 0

.github/actions/merge/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+name: Merge
+description: Merge tags to single multi-platform tags
+author: Julien Neuhart
+
+inputs:
+  github_token:
+    description: The GitHub token
+    required: true
+    default: ${{ github.token }}
+  docker_hub_username:
+    description: The Docker Hub username
+    required: true
+  docker_hub_password:
+    description: The Docker Hub password
+    required: true
+  tags:
+    description: Comma separated tags to merge
+    required: true
+  alternate_registry:
+    description: Alternate registry to also push resulting tags
+  dry_run:
+    description: Dry run this action
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+    - name: Set up QEMU
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+    - name: Check out code
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Log in to Docker Hub
+      uses: docker/login-action@v3
+      with:
+        username: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_username }}
+        password: ${{ inputs.docker_hub_password }}
+
+    - name: Merge
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        .github/actions/merge/merge.sh \
+          --tags "${{ inputs.tags }}" \
+          --alternate-registry "${{ inputs.alternate_registry }}" \
+          --dry-run "${{ inputs.dry_run }}"

.github/actions/merge/merge.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit early.
+# See: https://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/bash/manual/bash.html#The-Set-Builtin.
+set -e
+
+# Source dot env file.
+source .env
+
+# Arguments.
+tags=""
+alternate_registry=""
+dry_run=""
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case $1 in
+    --tags)
+      tags="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --alternate-registry)
+      alternate_registry="$2"
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    --dry-run)
+      dry_run=$2
+      shift 2
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unknown option $1"
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+echo "Merge tag(s) 👷"
+echo
+
+echo "Tag(s) to merge:"
+IFS=',' read -ra tags_to_merge <<< "$tags"
+for tag in "${tags_to_merge[@]}"; do
+  echo "- $tag"
+done
+
+if [ -n "$alternate_registry" ]; then
+  echo "⚠️ Will also push to $alternate_registry registry"
+fi
+
+ if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+   echo "🚧 Dry run"
+ fi
+
+ echo
+
+ # Build merge map.
+ declare -A merge_map
+
+ for tag in "${tags_to_merge[@]}"; do
+   target_tag="${tag//-amd64/}"
+   target_tag="${target_tag//-arm64/}"
+   target_tag="${target_tag//-arm/}"
+   target_tag="${target_tag//-386/}"
+
+   merge_map["$target_tag"]+="$tag "
+ done
+
+# Merge tags.
+run_cmd() {
+  local cmd="$1"
+
+  if [ "$dry_run" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "🚧 Dry run - would run the following command:"
+    echo "$cmd"
+    echo
+  else
+    echo "⚙️ Running command:"
+    echo "$cmd"
+    eval "$cmd"
+    echo
+  fi
+}
+
+ for target in "${!merge_map[@]}"; do
+   IFS=' ' read -ra source_tags <<< "${merge_map[$target]}"
+
+   cmd="docker buildx imagetools create \
+       -t $target \
+       ${source_tags[*]}
+   "
+   run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+   echo "➡️ $target pushed"
+   echo
+   if [ -n "$alternate_registry" ]; then
+     alternate_target="${target/$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$alternate_registry}"
+     cmd="docker buildx imagetools create \
+            -t $alternate_target \
+            $target
+        "
+        run_cmd "$cmd"
+
+        echo "➡️ $alternate_target pushed"
+        echo
+   fi
+ done
+
+
+echo "✅ Done!"
+exit 0

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
-
   # Maintain dependencies for GitHub Actions
   - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:
-      interval: "weekly"
+      interval: "weekly"

.github/workflows/continuous-delivery.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+name: Continuous Delivery
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [published]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  release_amd64:
+    name: Release linux/amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
+          platform: linux/amd64
+
+  release_386:
+    name: Release linux/386
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
+          platform: linux/386
+
+  release_arm64:
+    name: Release linux/arm64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+      docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
+          platform: linux/arm64
+
+  release_arm_v7:
+    name: Release linux/arm/v7
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
+          platform: linux/arm/v7
+
+  merge_clean_release_tags:
+    needs:
+      - release_amd64
+      - release_386
+      - release_arm64
+      - release_arm_v7
+    name: Merge and clean release tags
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Merge
+        uses: ./.github/actions/merge
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.release_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"
+          alternate_registry: thecodingmachine
+
+      - name: Clean
+        uses: ./.github/actions/clean
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.release_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.release_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"

.github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+name: Continuous Integration
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.number) || 'main' }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    name: Lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Run linters
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
+        with:
+          version: v1.63.4
+
+  tests:
+    needs:
+      - lint
+    name: Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Build testing environment
+        run: make build build-tests
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: make tests-once
+
+      - name: Upload to Codecov
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+          verbose: true
+
+  snapshot_amd64:
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Snapshot linux/amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: pr-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          platform: linux/amd64
+          alternate_repository: snapshot
+
+  snapshot_386:
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Snapshot linux/386
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: pr-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          platform: linux/386
+          alternate_repository: snapshot
+
+  snapshot_arm64:
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Snapshot linux/arm64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: pr-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          platform: linux/arm64
+          alternate_repository: snapshot
+
+  snapshot_arm_v7:
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Snapshot linux/arm/v7
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: pr-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+          platform: linux/arm/v7
+          alternate_repository: snapshot
+
+  merge_clean_snapshot_tags:
+    needs:
+      - snapshot_amd64
+      - snapshot_386
+      - snapshot_arm64
+      - snapshot_arm_v7
+    name: Merge and clean snapshot tags
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Merge
+        uses: ./.github/actions/merge
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.snapshot_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"
+
+      - name: Clean
+        uses: ./.github/actions/clean
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.snapshot_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.snapshot_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"
+
+  edge_amd64:
+    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Edge linux/amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: edge
+          platform: linux/amd64
+
+  edge_386:
+    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    needs:
+      - tests
+    name: Edge linux/386
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: edge
+          platform: linux/386
+
+  edge_arm64:
+    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Edge linux/arm64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: edge
+          platform: linux/arm64
+
+  edge_arm_v7:
+    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    needs:
+     - tests
+    name: Edge linux/arm/v7
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    outputs:
+      tags: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags }}
+      tags_cloud_run: ${{ steps.build_push.outputs.tags_cloud_run }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build_push
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-push
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          version: edge
+          platform: linux/arm/v7
+
+  merge_clean_edge_tags:
+    needs:
+      - edge_amd64
+      - edge_386
+      - edge_arm64
+      - edge_arm_v7
+    name: Merge and clean edge tags
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        
+      - name: Merge
+        uses: ./.github/actions/merge
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.edge_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"
+          alternate_registry: thecodingmachine
+
+      - name: Clean
+        uses: ./.github/actions/clean
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tags: "${{ needs.edge_amd64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_386.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_arm64.outputs.tags }},${{ needs.edge_arm_v7.outputs.tags }}"

.github/workflows/continuous_delivery.yml

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-name: Continuous Delivery
-
-on:
-  release:
-    types: [ published ]
-
-jobs:
-  release:
-    name: Release Docker image
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Checkout source code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Log in to Docker Hub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build and push Docker image for release
-        run: |
-          make release GOTENBERG_VERSION=${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
-          make release GOTENBERG_VERSION=${{ github.event.release.tag_name }} DOCKER_REGISTRY=thecodingmachine

.github/workflows/continuous_integration.yml

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-name: Continuous Integration
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - main
-
-jobs:
-
-  lint:
-    name: Lint
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: '1.23'
-          cache: false
-      - name: Checkout source code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Run linters
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
-        with:
-          version: v1.61.0
-
-  tests:
-    needs:
-      - lint
-    name: Tests
-    # TODO: once arm64 actions are available, also run the tests on this architecture.
-    # See: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments/issues/2552#issuecomment-771478000.
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Checkout source code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Build testing environment
-        run: make build build-tests
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: make tests-once
-      - name: Upload to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          verbose: true
-
-  snapshot_release:
-    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
-    needs:
-      - tests
-    name: Snapshot release
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Checkout source code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Log in to Docker Hub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build and push snapshot Docker image (linux/amd64)
-        run: make release GOTENBERG_VERSION=${{ github.head_ref }} DOCKER_REPOSITORY=snapshot LINUX_AMD64_RELEASE=true
-
-  edge_release:
-    if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
-    needs:
-      - tests
-    name: Edge release
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Checkout source code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Log in to Docker Hub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Build and push Docker image for main branch
-        run: |
-          make release GOTENBERG_VERSION=edge
-          make release GOTENBERG_VERSION=edge DOCKER_REGISTRY=thecodingmachine

.github/workflows/pull-request-cleanup.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Pull Request Cleanup
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [closed]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  cleanup:
+    name: Cleanup Docker images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Cleanup
+        uses: ./.github/actions/clean
+        with:
+          docker_hub_username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          docker_hub_password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+          snapshot_version: pr-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}

.golangci.yml

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ linters-settings:
       - prefix(github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8)
     skip-generated: true
     custom-order: true
-  # Until https://github.com/securego/gosec/issues/1187 is resolved.
-  gosec:
-    excludes:
-      - G115
 
 linters:
   disable-all: true

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2024 Julien Neuhart
+Copyright (c) Julien Neuhart
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

Makefile

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+include .env
+
 .PHONY: help
 help: ## Show the help
 	@grep -E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "\033[36m%-30s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}'
@@ -5,17 +7,6 @@ help: ## Show the help
 .PHONY: it
 it: build build-tests ## Initialize the development environment
 
-GOLANG_VERSION=1.23
-DOCKER_REGISTRY=gotenberg
-DOCKER_REPOSITORY=gotenberg
-GOTENBERG_VERSION=snapshot
-GOTENBERG_USER_GID=1001
-GOTENBERG_USER_UID=1001
-NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION=v2.047 # See https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-emoji/releases.
-PDFTK_VERSION=v3.3.3 # See https://gitlab.com/pdftk-java/pdftk/-/releases - Binary package.
-PDFCPU_VERSION=v0.8.1 # See https://github.com/pdfcpu/pdfcpu/releases.
-GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION=v1.61.0 # See https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/releases.
-
 .PHONY: build
 build: ## Build the Gotenberg's Docker image
 	docker build \
@@ -27,7 +18,7 @@ build: ## Build the Gotenberg's Docker image
 	--build-arg PDFTK_VERSION=$(PDFTK_VERSION) \
 	--build-arg PDFCPU_VERSION=$(PDFCPU_VERSION) \
 	-t $(DOCKER_REGISTRY)/$(DOCKER_REPOSITORY):$(GOTENBERG_VERSION) \
-	-f build/Dockerfile .
+	-f $(DOCKERFILE) $(DOCKER_BUILD_CONTEXT)
 
 GOTENBERG_GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN_DURATION=30s
 API_PORT=3000
@@ -36,7 +27,7 @@ API_BIND_IP=
 API_START_TIMEOUT=30s
 API_TIMEOUT=30s
 API_BODY_LIMIT=
-API_ROOT_PATH=/
+API_ROOT_PATH="/"
 API_TRACE_HEADER=Gotenberg-Trace
 API_ENABLE_BASIC_AUTH=false
 GOTENBERG_API_BASIC_AUTH_USERNAME=
@@ -46,7 +37,8 @@ API-DOWNLOAD-FROM-DENY-LIST=
 API-DOWNLOAD-FROM-FROM-MAX-RETRY=4
 API-DISABLE-DOWNLOAD-FROM=false
 API_DISABLE_HEALTH_CHECK_LOGGING=false
-CHROMIUM_RESTART_AFTER=0
+API_ENABLE_DEBUG_ROUTE=false
+CHROMIUM_RESTART_AFTER=10
 CHROMIUM_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE=0
 CHROMIUM_AUTO_START=false
 CHROMIUM_START_TIMEOUT=20s
@@ -73,6 +65,8 @@ LOG_FORMAT=auto
 LOG_FIELDS_PREFIX=
 PDFENGINES_ENGINES=
 PDFENGINES_MERGE_ENGINES=qpdf,pdfcpu,pdftk
+PDFENGINES_SPLIT_ENGINES=pdfcpu,qpdf,pdftk
+PDFENGINES_FLATTEN_ENGINES=qpdf
 PDFENGINES_CONVERT_ENGINES=libreoffice-pdfengine
 PDFENGINES_READ_METADATA_ENGINES=exiftool
 PDFENGINES_WRITE_METADATA_ENGINES=exiftool
@@ -114,6 +108,7 @@ run: ## Start a Gotenberg container
 	--api-download-from-max-retry=$(API-DOWNLOAD-FROM-FROM-MAX-RETRY) \
 	--api-disable-download-from=$(API-DISABLE-DOWNLOAD-FROM) \
 	--api-disable-health-check-logging=$(API_DISABLE_HEALTH_CHECK_LOGGING) \
+	--api-enable-debug-route=$(API_ENABLE_DEBUG_ROUTE) \
 	--chromium-restart-after=$(CHROMIUM_RESTART_AFTER) \
 	--chromium-auto-start=$(CHROMIUM_AUTO_START) \
 	--chromium-max-queue-size=$(CHROMIUM_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) \
@@ -141,6 +136,8 @@ run: ## Start a Gotenberg container
 	--log-fields-prefix=$(LOG_FIELDS_PREFIX) \
 	--pdfengines-engines=$(PDFENGINES_ENGINES) \
 	--pdfengines-merge-engines=$(PDFENGINES_MERGE_ENGINES) \
+	--pdfengines-split-engines=$(PDFENGINES_SPLIT_ENGINES) \
+	--pdfengines-flatten-engines=$(PDFENGINES_FLATTEN_ENGINES) \
 	--pdfengines-convert-engines=$(PDFENGINES_CONVERT_ENGINES) \
 	--pdfengines-read-metadata-engines=$(PDFENGINES_READ_METADATA_ENGINES) \
 	--pdfengines-write-metadata-engines=$(PDFENGINES_WRITE_METADATA_ENGINES) \
@@ -197,20 +194,3 @@ fmt: ## Format the code and "optimize" the dependencies
 godoc: ## Run a webserver with Gotenberg godoc
 	$(info http://localhost:6060/pkg/github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8)
 	godoc -http=:6060
-
-LINUX_AMD64_RELEASE=false
-
-.PHONY: release
-release: ## Build the Gotenberg's Docker image and push it to a Docker repository
-	./scripts/release.sh \
- 	$(GOLANG_VERSION) \
-	$(GOTENBERG_VERSION) \
-	$(GOTENBERG_USER_GID) \
-	$(GOTENBERG_USER_UID) \
-	$(NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION) \
-	$(PDFTK_VERSION) \
-	$(PDFCPU_VERSION) \
-	$(DOCKER_REGISTRY) \
-	$(DOCKER_REPOSITORY) \
-	$(LINUX_AMD64_RELEASE)
-

README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
         <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/gotenberg/gotenberg"><img alt="Total downloads (gotenberg/gotenberg)" src="https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/gotenberg/gotenberg"></a>
         <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/thecodingmachine/gotenberg"><img alt="Total downloads (thecodingmachine/gotenberg)" src="https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/thecodingmachine/gotenberg"></a>
         <br>
-        <a href="https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/actions/workflows/continuous_integration.yml"><img alt="Continuous Integration" src="https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/actions/workflows/continuous_integration.yml/badge.svg"></a>
+        <a href="https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml"><img alt="Continuous Integration" src="https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg"></a>
         <a href="https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8"><img alt="Go Reference" src="https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg.svg"></a>
         <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/gotenberg/gotenberg/branch/main/graph/badge.svg"><img alt="Code coverage" src="https://codecov.io/gh/gotenberg/gotenberg/branch/main/graph/badge.svg"></a>
     </p>

build/Dockerfile

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ ARG GOTENBERG_USER_GID
 ARG GOTENBERG_USER_UID
 ARG NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION
 ARG PDFTK_VERSION
-ARG TMP_CHOMIUM_VERSION_ARMHF="116.0.5845.180-1~deb12u1"
 
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.title="Gotenberg" \
       org.opencontainers.image.description="A Docker-powered stateless API for PDF files." \
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ RUN \
     # Install system dependencies required for the next instructions or debugging.
     # Note: tini is a helper for reaping zombie processes.
     apt-get update -qq &&\
+    apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends curl gnupg tini python3 default-jre-headless &&\
     # Cleanup.
     # Note: the Debian image does automatically a clean after each install thanks to a hook.
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ RUN \
     # https://help.accusoft.com/PrizmDoc/v12.1/HTML/Installing_Asian_Fonts_on_Ubuntu_and_Debian.html.
     curl -o ./ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.8.1_all.deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/pool/contrib/m/msttcorefonts/ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.8.1_all.deb &&\
     apt-get update -qq &&\
+    apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends \
     ./ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.8.1_all.deb \
     culmus \
@@ -145,27 +146,18 @@ RUN \
     # Install either Google Chrome stable on amd64 architecture or
     # Chromium on other architectures.
     # See https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/issues/328.
-    # FIXME:
-    # armhf is currently not working with the latest version of Chromium.
-    # See: https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/issues/709.
     /bin/bash -c \
     'set -e &&\
     if [[ "$(dpkg --print-architecture)" == "amd64" ]]; then \
       curl https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - &&\
       echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list &&\
       apt-get update -qq &&\
+      apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
       DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends --allow-unauthenticated google-chrome-stable &&\
       mv /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable /usr/bin/chromium; \
-    elif [[ "$(dpkg --print-architecture)" == "armhf" ]]; then \
-      apt-get update -qq &&\
-      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends devscripts &&\
-      debsnap chromium-common "$TMP_CHOMIUM_VERSION_ARMHF" -v --force --binary --architecture armhf &&\
-      debsnap chromium "$TMP_CHOMIUM_VERSION_ARMHF" -v --force --binary --architecture armhf &&\
-      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --fix-broken -y -qq --no-install-recommends "./binary-chromium-common/chromium-common_${TMP_CHOMIUM_VERSION_ARMHF}_armhf.deb" "./binary-chromium/chromium_${TMP_CHOMIUM_VERSION_ARMHF}_armhf.deb" &&\
-      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get purge -y -qq devscripts &&\
-      rm -rf ./binary-chromium-common/* ./binary-chromium/*; \
     else \
       apt-get update -qq &&\
+      apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
       DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends chromium; \
     fi' &&\
     # Verify installation.
@@ -177,6 +169,7 @@ RUN \
     # Install LibreOffice & unoconverter.
     echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list &&\
     apt-get update -qq &&\
+    apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends -t bookworm-backports libreoffice &&\
     curl -Ls https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gotenberg/unoconverter/v0.0.1/unoconv -o /usr/bin/unoconverter &&\
     chmod +x /usr/bin/unoconverter &&\
@@ -196,6 +189,7 @@ RUN \
     echo '#!/bin/bash\n\nexec java -jar /usr/bin/pdftk-all.jar "$@"' > /usr/bin/pdftk && \
     chmod +x /usr/bin/pdftk &&\
     apt-get update -qq &&\
+    apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends qpdf exiftool &&\
     # See https://github.com/nextcloud/docker/issues/380.
     mkdir -p /usr/share/man/man1 &&\

cmd/gotenberg.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
@@ -50,14 +51,42 @@ func Run() {
 
 	fmt.Printf("[SYSTEM] modules: %s\n", modsInfo)
 
-	// Parse the flags...
+	// Parse the flags.
 	err := fs.Parse(os.Args[1:])
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 
-	// ...and create a wrapper around those.
+	// Override their values if the corresponding environment variables are
+	// set.
+	fs.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		envName := strings.ToUpper(strings.ReplaceAll(f.Name, "-", "_"))
+		val, ok := os.LookupEnv(envName)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+
+		sliceVal, ok := f.Value.(flag.SliceValue)
+		if ok {
+			// We don't want to append the values (default pflag behavior).
+			items := strings.Split(val, ",")
+			err = sliceVal.Replace(items)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Printf("[FATAL] invalid overriding value '%s' from %s: %v\n", val, envName, err)
+				os.Exit(1)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+
+		err = f.Value.Set(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Printf("[FATAL] invalid overriding value '%s' from %s: %v\n", val, envName, err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Create a wrapper around our flags.
 	parsedFlags := gotenberg.ParsedFlags{FlagSet: fs}
 
 	// Get the graceful shutdown duration.
@@ -108,6 +137,9 @@ func Run() {
 		}(l.(gotenberg.SystemLogger))
 	}
 
+	// Build the debug data.
+	gotenberg.BuildDebug(ctx)
+
 	quit := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
 
 	// We'll accept graceful shutdowns when quit via SIGINT (Ctrl+C) or SIGTERM (Kubernetes).

go.mod

@@ -6,58 +6,75 @@ require (
 	github.com/alexliesenfeld/health v0.8.0
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/barasher/go-exiftool v1.10.0
-	github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20241030022559-23c28aebe8cb
-	github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.11.1
-	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20250203011601-a3c71a042730
+	github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.12.1
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.7
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.11 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6 // indirect
-	github.com/labstack/echo/v4 v4.12.0
+	github.com/labstack/echo/v4 v4.13.3
 	github.com/labstack/gommon v0.4.2
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
-	github.com/mholt/archiver/v3 v3.5.1
 	github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27
-	github.com/nwaples/rardecode v1.1.3 // indirect
-	github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.21 // indirect
+	github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.22 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.20.5
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.6
 	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.12 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.28.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.30.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.25.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.19.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.32.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.34.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.29.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0
 )
 
-require github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.4
+require (
+	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.4
+	github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.0
+	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.1
+)
 
 require (
+	github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20210315054119-f66993602bf5 // indirect
+	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20230904184137-39efe44ab707 // indirect
+	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.8.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gobwas/pool v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gobwas/ws v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt v3.2.2+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/css v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20240909124753-873cd0166683 // indirect
+	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20240221224432-82ca36839d55 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.60.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.62.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.5 // indirect
+	github.com/therootcompany/xz v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.14 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/fasttemplate v1.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/xi2/xz v0.0.0-20171230120015-48954b6210f8 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.7.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.35.1 // indirect
+	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 // indirect
+	go4.org v0.0.0-20230225012048-214862532bf5 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.10.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,6 +1,26 @@
+cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.38.0/go.mod h1:990N+gfupTy94rShfmMCWGDn0LpTmnzTp2qbd1dvSRU=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.44.1/go.mod h1:iSa0KzasP4Uvy3f1mN/7PiObzGgflwredwwASm/v6AU=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.44.2/go.mod h1:60680Gw3Yr4ikxnPRS/oxxkBccT6SA1yMk63TGekxKY=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.45.1/go.mod h1:RpBamKRgapWJb87xiFSdk4g1CME7QZg3uwTez+TSTjc=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.46.3/go.mod h1:a6bKKbmY7er1mI7TEI4lsAkts/mkhTSZK8w33B4RAg0=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.50.0/go.mod h1:r9sluTvynVuxRIOHXQEHMFffphuXHOMZMycpNR5e6To=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.53.0/go.mod h1:fp/UouUEsRkN6ryDKNW/Upv/JBKnv6WDthjR6+vze6M=
+cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.0.1/go.mod h1:i/xbL2UlR5RvWAURpBYZTtm/cXjCha9lbfbpx4poX+o=
+cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.3.0/go.mod h1:PjpwJnslEMmckchkHFfq+HTD2DmtT67aNFKH1/VBDHE=
+cloud.google.com/go/datastore v1.0.0/go.mod h1:LXYbyblFSglQ5pkeyhO+Qmw7ukd3C+pD7TKLgZqpHYE=
+cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.0.1/go.mod h1:R0Gpsv3s54REJCy4fxDixWD93lHJMoZTyQ2kNxGRt3I=
+cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EwwdRX2sKPjnvnqCa270oGRyludottCI76h+R3AArQw=
+cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.0.0/go.mod h1:IhtSnM/ZTZV8YYJWCY8RULGVqBDmpoyjwiyrjsg+URw=
+cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.5.0/go.mod h1:tpKbwo567HUNpVclU5sGELwQWBDZ8gh0ZeosJ0Rtdos=
+dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
+github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
+github.com/BurntSushi/xgb v0.0.0-20160522181843-27f122750802/go.mod h1:IVnqGOEym/WlBOVXweHU+Q+/VP0lqqI8lqeDx9IjBqo=
+github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1 h1:pWBd4tuSGm3wtpoqRZZ2EAwOmcHK6XFf7bU9qcJXyFg=
+github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1/go.mod h1:xNvshLODWtC4EJ702g7cTYn13G53o1+X9BWnPFpcWV4=
 github.com/alexliesenfeld/health v0.8.0 h1:lCV0i+ZJPTbqP7LfKG7p3qZBl5VhelwUFCIVWl77fgk=
 github.com/alexliesenfeld/health v0.8.0/go.mod h1:TfNP0f+9WQVWMQRzvMUjlws4ceXKEL3WR+6Hp95HUFc=
-github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.0.1/go.mod h1:loMXtMfwqflxFJPmdbJO0a3KNoPuLBgiu3qAvBg8x/Y=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.1 h1:PR2pgnyFznKEugtsUo0xLdDop5SKXd5Qf5ysW+7XdTA=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.1.1/go.mod h1:05ib4cKhjx3OQYUY22hTVd34Bc8upXjOLL2rKwwZBoA=
 github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0 h1:Mv+mAeH1Q+n9Fr+oyamOlAkUNPWPlA8PPGR0QAaYuPk=
@@ -9,143 +29,385 @@ github.com/barasher/go-exiftool v1.10.0 h1:f5JY5jc42M7tzR6tbL9508S2IXdIcG9QyieEX
 github.com/barasher/go-exiftool v1.10.0/go.mod h1:F9s/a3uHSM8YniVfwF+sbQUtP8Gmh9nyzigNF+8vsWo=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
+github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0 h1:pf9Itz1JOQgn7vEOE7v7nlEfBykYqvUYioC61TwWCFU=
+github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0/go.mod h1:JOTb4XiRu5xfnmdnDJo6GmSbSbtSyufrsyZFByMtKEs=
+github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0 h1:a4R0Wu6/P1o1pP/3VV++aEOcyeBxeO/xE2Y9NSTrr6A=
+github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0/go.mod h1:zOBh9nJUof7tcrlqJFv1koWRrhz3LbDbUNngkuZxLMc=
+github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1 h1:tF7K6KOluPYygXa3Z2594zxlkbKPAOvqr97etrGNIz4=
+github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1/go.mod h1:a6JLwrB4KrTR5hBpp8FI9/9W9jJfeQ2h4XDXU74ZCdM=
+github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20241030022559-23c28aebe8cb h1:yBPpAakATGLWZsVgYRcU9FopbOqzoazzbFaStQ9DCMc=
-github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20241030022559-23c28aebe8cb/go.mod h1:4XqMl3iIW08jtieURWL6Tt5924w21pxirC6th662XUM=
-github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.11.1 h1:Spca8egFqUlv+JDW+yIs+ijlHlJDPufgrfXPwtq6NMs=
-github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.11.1/go.mod h1:lr8dFRLKsdTTWb75C/Ttol2vnBKOSnt0BW8R9Xaupi8=
+github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20250203011601-a3c71a042730 h1:IEa+Va47x06CJQaLKFoce5iPTRRR5uI/GbeZbxdnYdc=
+github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20250203011601-a3c71a042730/go.mod h1:RTGuBeCeabAJGi3OZf71a6cGa7oYBfBP75VJZFLv6SU=
+github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.12.1 h1:kBMblXk7xH5/6j3K9uk8d7/c+fzXWiUsCsPte0VMwOA=
+github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.12.1/go.mod h1:F6+wdq9LKFDMoyxhq46ZLz4VLXrsrCAR3sFqJz4Nqc0=
 github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.1.0 h1:PUFNv5EcprjqXZD9nJb9b/c9ibAbxiYo4exNWZyipwM=
 github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.1.0/go.mod h1:WiThHUdltqCNKGc4gaU50XgYjwjYIhKWoHGPTUfWTJ8=
+github.com/chzyer/logex v1.1.10/go.mod h1:+Ywpsq7O8HXn0nuIou7OrIPyXbp3wmkHB+jjWRnGsAI=
+github.com/chzyer/readline v0.0.0-20180603132655-2972be24d48e/go.mod h1:nSuG5e5PlCu98SY8svDHJxuZscDgtXS6KTTbou5AhLI=
+github.com/chzyer/test v0.0.0-20180213035817-a1ea475d72b1/go.mod h1:Q3SI9o4m/ZMnBNeIyt5eFwwo7qiLfzFZmjNmxjkiQlU=
+github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.4 h1:rPYF9/LECdNymJufQKmri9gV604RvvABwgOA8un7yAo=
 github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.4/go.mod h1:DHkYz0B9wPfa6wondMfaivmHpzrQ3v9q8cnmRbL6yW8=
-github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20210315054119-f66993602bf5 h1:iFaUwBSo5Svw6L7HYpRu/0lE3e0BaElwnNO1qkNQxBY=
-github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20210315054119-f66993602bf5/go.mod h1:qssHWj60/X5sZFNxpG4HBPDHVqxNm4DfnCKgrbZOT+s=
+github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20230904184137-39efe44ab707 h1:2tV76y6Q9BB+NEBasnqvs7e49aEBFI8ejC89PSnWH+4=
+github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20230904184137-39efe44ab707/go.mod h1:qssHWj60/X5sZFNxpG4HBPDHVqxNm4DfnCKgrbZOT+s=
 github.com/dsnet/golib v0.0.0-20171103203638-1ea166775780/go.mod h1:Lj+Z9rebOhdfkVLjJ8T6VcRQv3SXugXy999NBtR9aFY=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.8.2 h1:jPPGWs2sZ1UgOSgD2bClL0MJIqu58nOmIcBuXr62z1I=
+github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.8.2/go.mod h1:iIjxzd6CiRiOG0UyXP+V1+jWqUXVjPKLAI0mRfJZTmQ=
+github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.1-0.20191026205805-5f8ba28d4473/go.mod h1:YTl/9mNaCwkRvm6d1a2C3ymFceY/DCBVvsKhRF0iEA4=
+github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.16.0 h1:zmkK9Ngbjj+K0yRhTVONQh1p/HknKYSlNT+vZCzyokM=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.16.0/go.mod h1:fL2Sau1YI5c0pdGEVCbKQbLXB6edEj1ZgiY4NijnWvE=
+github.com/go-gl/glfw v0.0.0-20190409004039-e6da0acd62b1/go.mod h1:vR7hzQXu2zJy9AVAgeJqvqgH9Q5CA+iKCZ2gyEVpxRU=
+github.com/go-gl/glfw/v3.3/glfw v0.0.0-20191125211704-12ad95a8df72/go.mod h1:tQ2UAYgL5IevRw8kRxooKSPJfGvJ9fJQFa0TUsXzTg8=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.6/go.mod h1:pprOEPIfldk/42T2oK7lQ4v4JSDwmV0As9GaiUsvbm0=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0 h1:Dt6ye7+vXGIKZ7Xtk4s6/xVdGDQynvom7xCFEdWr6uE=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0/go.mod h1:5LS6F96DhAwUc7C+1HLexzMXY1xGRSryjyPPKW6zv78=
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+honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190418001031-e561f6794a2a/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
+honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
+honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2019.2.3/go.mod h1:a3bituU0lyd329TUQxRnasdCoJDkEUEAqEt0JzvZhAg=
+rsc.io/binaryregexp v0.2.0/go.mod h1:qTv7/COck+e2FymRvadv62gMdZztPaShugOCi3I+8D8=
+rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0/go.mod h1:yEA65RcK8LyAZtP9Kv3t0HmxON59tX3rD+tICJqUlj0=
+rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0/go.mod h1:T1hPZKmBbMNahiBKFy5HrXp6adAjACjK9JXDnKaTXpA=

pkg/gotenberg/debug.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package gotenberg
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+	"sync"
+
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// DebugInfo gathers data for debugging.
+type DebugInfo struct {
+	Version               string                            `json:"version"`
+	Architecture          string                            `json:"architecture"`
+	Modules               []string                          `json:"modules"`
+	ModulesAdditionalData map[string]map[string]interface{} `json:"modules_additional_data"`
+	Flags                 map[string]interface{}            `json:"flags"`
+}
+
+// BuildDebug builds the debug data from modules.
+func BuildDebug(ctx *Context) {
+	debugMu.Lock()
+	defer debugMu.Unlock()
+
+	debug = &DebugInfo{
+		Version:               Version,
+		Architecture:          runtime.GOARCH,
+		Modules:               make([]string, len(ctx.moduleInstances)),
+		ModulesAdditionalData: make(map[string]map[string]interface{}),
+		Flags:                 make(map[string]interface{}),
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	for ID, mod := range ctx.moduleInstances {
+		debug.Modules[i] = ID
+		i++
+
+		debuggable, ok := mod.(Debuggable)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		debug.ModulesAdditionalData[ID] = debuggable.Debug()
+	}
+
+	ctx.ParsedFlags().VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		debug.Flags[f.Name] = f.Value.String()
+	})
+}
+
+// Debug returns the debug data.
+func Debug() DebugInfo {
+	debugMu.Lock()
+	defer debugMu.Unlock()
+
+	if debug == nil {
+		return DebugInfo{}
+	}
+
+	return *debug
+}
+
+var (
+	debug   *DebugInfo
+	debugMu sync.Mutex
+)

pkg/gotenberg/debug_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package gotenberg
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"runtime"
+	"testing"
+
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+func TestBuildDebug(t *testing.T) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(Debug(), DebugInfo{}) {
+		t.Errorf("Debug() should return empty debug data")
+	}
+
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("gotenberg", flag.ExitOnError)
+	fs.String("foo", "bar", "Set foo")
+	ctx := NewContext(ParsedFlags{
+		FlagSet: fs,
+	}, func() []ModuleDescriptor {
+		mod1 := &struct {
+			ModuleMock
+		}{}
+		mod1.DescriptorMock = func() ModuleDescriptor {
+			return ModuleDescriptor{ID: "foo", New: func() Module { return mod1 }}
+		}
+		mod2 := &struct {
+			ModuleMock
+			DebuggableMock
+		}{}
+		mod2.DescriptorMock = func() ModuleDescriptor {
+			return ModuleDescriptor{ID: "bar", New: func() Module { return mod2 }}
+		}
+		mod2.DebugMock = func() map[string]interface{} {
+			return map[string]interface{}{
+				"foo": "bar",
+			}
+		}
+
+		return []ModuleDescriptor{mod1.Descriptor(), mod2.Descriptor()}
+	}())
+
+	// Load modules.
+	_, err := ctx.Modules(new(Module))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Build debug data.
+	BuildDebug(ctx)
+
+	expect := DebugInfo{
+		Version:      Version,
+		Architecture: runtime.GOARCH,
+		Modules: []string{
+			"foo",
+			"bar",
+		},
+		ModulesAdditionalData: map[string]map[string]interface{}{
+			"bar": {
+				"foo": "bar",
+			},
+		},
+		Flags: map[string]interface{}{
+			"foo": "bar",
+		},
+	}
+
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expect, Debug()) {
+		t.Errorf("expected '%+v', bug got '%+v'", expect, Debug())
+	}
+}

pkg/gotenberg/fs.go

@@ -3,22 +3,56 @@ package gotenberg
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 )
 
+// MkdirAll defines the method signature for create a directory. Implement this
+// interface if you don't want to rely on [os.MkdirAll], notably for testing
+// purpose.
+type MkdirAll interface {
+	// MkdirAll uses the same signature as [os.MkdirAll].
+	MkdirAll(path string, perm os.FileMode) error
+}
+
+// OsMkdirAll implements the [MkdirAll] interface with [os.MkdirAll].
+type OsMkdirAll struct{}
+
+// MkdirAll is a wrapper around [os.MkdirAll].
+func (o *OsMkdirAll) MkdirAll(path string, perm os.FileMode) error { return os.MkdirAll(path, perm) }
+
+// PathRename defines the method signature for renaming files. Implement this
+// interface if you don't want to rely on [os.Rename], notably for testing
+// purpose.
+type PathRename interface {
+	// Rename uses the same signature as [os.Rename].
+	Rename(oldpath, newpath string) error
+}
+
+// OsPathRename implements the [PathRename] interface with [os.Rename].
+type OsPathRename struct{}
+
+// Rename is a wrapper around [os.Rename].
+func (o *OsPathRename) Rename(oldpath, newpath string) error {
+	return os.Rename(oldpath, newpath)
+}
+
 // FileSystem provides utilities for managing temporary directories. It creates
 // unique directory names based on UUIDs to ensure isolation of temporary files
 // for different modules.
 type FileSystem struct {
 	workingDir string
+	mkdirAll   MkdirAll
 }
 
 // NewFileSystem initializes a new [FileSystem] instance with a unique working
 // directory.
-func NewFileSystem() *FileSystem {
+func NewFileSystem(mkdirAll MkdirAll) *FileSystem {
 	return &FileSystem{
 		workingDir: uuid.NewString(),
+		mkdirAll:   mkdirAll,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +78,7 @@ func (fs *FileSystem) NewDirPath() string {
 func (fs *FileSystem) MkdirAll() (string, error) {
 	path := fs.NewDirPath()
 
-	err := os.MkdirAll(path, 0o755)
+	err := fs.mkdirAll.MkdirAll(path, 0o755)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("create directory %s: %w", path, err)
 	}
@@ -52,10 +86,27 @@ func (fs *FileSystem) MkdirAll() (string, error) {
 	return path, nil
 }
 
-// PathRename defines the method signature for renaming files. Implement this
-// interface if you don't want to rely on [os.Rename], notably for testing
-// purpose.
-type PathRename interface {
-	// Rename uses the same signature as [os.Rename].
-	Rename(oldpath, newpath string) error
+// WalkDir walks through the root level of a directory and returns a list of
+// files paths that match the specified file extension.
+func WalkDir(dir, ext string) ([]string, error) {
+	var files []string
+	err := filepath.Walk(dir, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, pathErr error) error {
+		if pathErr != nil {
+			return pathErr
+		}
+		if info.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if strings.EqualFold(filepath.Ext(info.Name()), ext) {
+			files = append(files, path)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return files, err
 }
+
+// Interface guards.
+var (
+	_ MkdirAll   = (*OsMkdirAll)(nil)
+	_ PathRename = (*OsPathRename)(nil)
+)

pkg/gotenberg/fs_test.go

@@ -1,14 +1,84 @@
 package gotenberg
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
 )
 
+func TestOsMkdirAll_MkdirAll(t *testing.T) {
+	dirPath, err := NewFileSystem(new(OsMkdirAll)).MkdirAll()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create working directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = os.RemoveAll(dirPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("remove working directory: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOsPathRename_Rename(t *testing.T) {
+	dirPath, err := NewFileSystem(new(OsMkdirAll)).MkdirAll()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create working directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	path := "/tests/test/testdata/api/sample1.txt"
+	copyPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, fmt.Sprintf("%s.txt", uuid.NewString()))
+
+	in, err := os.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		err := in.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("close file: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	out, err := os.Create(copyPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create new file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		err := out.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("close new file: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	_, err = io.Copy(out, in)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("copy file to new file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	rename := new(OsPathRename)
+	newPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, fmt.Sprintf("%s.txt", uuid.NewString()))
+
+	err = rename.Rename(copyPath, newPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = os.RemoveAll(dirPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("remove working directory: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFileSystem_WorkingDir(t *testing.T) {
-	fs := NewFileSystem()
+	fs := NewFileSystem(new(MkdirAllMock))
 	dirName := fs.WorkingDir()
 
 	if dirName == "" {
@@ -17,7 +87,7 @@ func TestFileSystem_WorkingDir(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestFileSystem_WorkingDirPath(t *testing.T) {
-	fs := NewFileSystem()
+	fs := NewFileSystem(new(MkdirAllMock))
 	expectedPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", os.TempDir(), fs.WorkingDir())
 
 	if fs.WorkingDirPath() != expectedPath {
@@ -26,7 +96,7 @@ func TestFileSystem_WorkingDirPath(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestFileSystem_NewDirPath(t *testing.T) {
-	fs := NewFileSystem()
+	fs := NewFileSystem(new(MkdirAllMock))
 	newDir := fs.NewDirPath()
 	expectedPrefix := fs.WorkingDirPath()
 
@@ -36,20 +106,117 @@ func TestFileSystem_NewDirPath(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestFileSystem_MkdirAll(t *testing.T) {
-	fs := NewFileSystem()
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		mkdirAll    MkdirAll
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "error",
+			mkdirAll: &MkdirAllMock{
+				MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+					return errors.New("foo")
+				},
+			},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			mkdirAll: &MkdirAllMock{
+				MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fs := NewFileSystem(tc.mkdirAll)
 
-	newPath, err := fs.MkdirAll()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
-	}
+			_, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 
-	_, err = os.Stat(newPath)
-	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		t.Errorf("expected directory '%s' to exist but it doesn't", newPath)
-	}
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
 
-	err = os.RemoveAll(fs.WorkingDirPath())
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWalkDir(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		dir         string
+		ext         string
+		expectError bool
+		expectFiles []string
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario:    "directory does not exist",
+			dir:         uuid.NewString(),
+			ext:         ".pdf",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "find PDF files",
+			dir: func() string {
+				path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/a_directory", os.TempDir())
+
+				err := os.MkdirAll(path, 0o755)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf(fmt.Sprintf("expected no error but got: %v", err))
+				}
+
+				err = os.WriteFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/a_foo_file.pdf", path), []byte{1}, 0o755)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				err = os.WriteFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/a_bar_file.PDF", path), []byte{1}, 0o755)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				err = os.WriteFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/a_baz_file.txt", path), []byte{1}, 0o755)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				return path
+			}(),
+			ext:         ".pdf",
+			expectError: false,
+			expectFiles: []string{"/tmp/a_directory/a_bar_file.PDF", "/tmp/a_directory/a_foo_file.pdf"},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			defer func() {
+				err := os.RemoveAll(tc.dir)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+				}
+			}()
+
+			files, err := WalkDir(tc.dir, tc.ext)
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(files, tc.expectFiles) {
+				t.Errorf("expected files %+v, but got %+v", tc.expectFiles, files)
+			}
+		})
 	}
 }

pkg/gotenberg/gc.go

@@ -5,13 +5,14 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
 
 // GarbageCollect scans the root path and deletes files or directories with
-// names containing specific substrings.
-func GarbageCollect(logger *zap.Logger, rootPath string, includeSubstr []string) error {
+// names containing specific substrings and before a given experiation time.
+func GarbageCollect(logger *zap.Logger, rootPath string, includeSubstr []string, expirationTime time.Time) error {
 	logger = logger.Named("gc")
 
 	// To make sure that the next Walk method stays on
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ func GarbageCollect(logger *zap.Logger, rootPath string, includeSubstr []string)
 		}
 
 		for _, substr := range includeSubstr {
-			if strings.Contains(info.Name(), substr) || path == substr {
+			if (strings.Contains(info.Name(), substr) || path == substr) && info.ModTime().Before(expirationTime) {
 				err := os.RemoveAll(path)
 				if err != nil {
 					return fmt.Errorf("garbage collect '%s': %w", path, err)

pkg/gotenberg/gc_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ func TestGarbageCollect(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			}()
 
-			err := GarbageCollect(zap.NewNop(), tc.rootPath, tc.includeSubstr)
+			err := GarbageCollect(zap.NewNop(), tc.rootPath, tc.includeSubstr, time.Now())
 
 			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)

pkg/gotenberg/mocks.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package gotenberg
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"os"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
@@ -33,9 +34,21 @@ func (mod *ValidatorMock) Validate() error {
 	return mod.ValidateMock()
 }
 
+type DebuggableMock struct {
+	DebugMock func() map[string]interface{}
+}
+
+func (mod *DebuggableMock) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	return mod.DebugMock()
+}
+
 // PdfEngineMock is a mock for the [PdfEngine] interface.
+//
+//nolint:dupl
 type PdfEngineMock struct {
 	MergeMock         func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error
+	SplitMock         func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error)
+	FlattenMock       func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error
 	ConvertMock       func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error
 	ReadMetadataMock  func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) (map[string]interface{}, error)
 	WriteMetadataMock func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error
@@ -45,6 +58,14 @@ func (engine *PdfEngineMock) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inpu
 	return engine.MergeMock(ctx, logger, inputPaths, outputPath)
 }
 
+func (engine *PdfEngineMock) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	return engine.SplitMock(ctx, logger, mode, inputPath, outputDirPath)
+}
+
+func (engine *PdfEngineMock) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	return engine.FlattenMock(ctx, logger, inputPath)
+}
+
 func (engine *PdfEngineMock) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 	return engine.ConvertMock(ctx, logger, formats, inputPath, outputPath)
 }
@@ -137,6 +158,15 @@ func (provider *MetricsProviderMock) Metrics() ([]Metric, error) {
 	return provider.MetricsMock()
 }
 
+// MkdirAllMock is a mock for the [MkdirAll] interface.
+type MkdirAllMock struct {
+	MkdirAllMock func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error
+}
+
+func (mkdirAll *MkdirAllMock) MkdirAll(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+	return mkdirAll.MkdirAllMock(path, perm)
+}
+
 // PathRenameMock is a mock for the [PathRename] interface.
 type PathRenameMock struct {
 	RenameMock func(oldpath, newpath string) error
@@ -156,4 +186,6 @@ var (
 	_ ProcessSupervisor = (*ProcessSupervisorMock)(nil)
 	_ LoggerProvider    = (*LoggerProviderMock)(nil)
 	_ MetricsProvider   = (*MetricsProviderMock)(nil)
+	_ MkdirAll          = (*MkdirAllMock)(nil)
+	_ PathRename        = (*PathRenameMock)(nil)
 )

pkg/gotenberg/mocks_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package gotenberg
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -47,11 +48,32 @@ func TestValidatorMock(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestDebuggableMock(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &DebuggableMock{
+		DebugMock: func() map[string]interface{} {
+			return map[string]interface{}{
+				"foo": "bar",
+			}
+		},
+	}
+
+	d := mock.Debug()
+	if d == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected debug data, but got nil")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPDFEngineMock(t *testing.T) {
 	mock := &PdfEngineMock{
 		MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 			return nil
 		},
+		SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+			return nil, nil
+		},
+		FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+			return nil
+		},
 		ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 			return nil
 		},
@@ -68,6 +90,16 @@ func TestPDFEngineMock(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected no error from PdfEngineMock.Merge, but got: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	_, err = mock.Split(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), SplitMode{}, "", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error from PdfEngineMock.Split, but got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = mock.Flatten(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error from PdfEngineMock.Convert, but got: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	err = mock.Convert(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), PdfFormats{}, "", "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("expected no error from PdfEngineMock.Convert, but got: %v", err)
@@ -205,6 +237,19 @@ func TestMetricsProviderMock(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestMkdirAllMock(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &MkdirAllMock{
+		MkdirAllMock: func(dir string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := mock.MkdirAll("/foo", 0o755)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error from MkdirAllMock.MkdirAll, but got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPathRenameMock(t *testing.T) {
 	mock := &PathRenameMock{
 		RenameMock: func(oldpath, newpath string) error {

pkg/gotenberg/modules.go

@@ -75,6 +75,12 @@ type SystemLogger interface {
 	SystemMessages() []string
 }
 
+// Debuggable is a module interface for modules which want to provide
+// additional debug data.
+type Debuggable interface {
+	Debug() map[string]interface{}
+}
+
 // MustRegisterModule registers a module.
 //
 // To register a module, create an init() method in the module main go file:

pkg/gotenberg/pdfengine.go

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ var (
 	// PdfEngine interface is not supported by its current implementation.
 	ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported = errors.New("method not supported")
 
+	// ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported is returned when the Split method of the
+	// PdfEngine interface does not sumport a requested PDF split mode.
+	ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported = errors.New("split mode not supported")
+
 	// ErrPdfFormatNotSupported is returned when the Convert method of the
 	// PdfEngine interface does not support a requested PDF format conversion.
 	ErrPdfFormatNotSupported = errors.New("PDF format not supported")
@@ -21,6 +25,30 @@ var (
 	ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported = errors.New("metadata value not supported")
 )
 
+const (
+	// SplitModeIntervals represents a mode where a PDF is split at specific
+	// intervals.
+	SplitModeIntervals string = "intervals"
+
+	// SplitModePages represents a mode where a PDF is split at specific page
+	// ranges.
+	SplitModePages string = "pages"
+)
+
+// SplitMode gathers the data required to split a PDF into multiple parts.
+type SplitMode struct {
+	// Mode is either "intervals" or "pages".
+	Mode string
+
+	// Span is either the intervals or the page ranges to extract, depending on
+	// the selected mode.
+	Span string
+
+	// Unify specifies whether to put extracted pages into a single file or as
+	// many files as there are page ranges. Only works with "pages" mode.
+	Unify bool
+}
+
 const (
 	// PdfA1a represents the PDF/A-1a format.
 	PdfA1a string = "PDF/A-1a"
@@ -60,11 +88,22 @@ type PdfFormats struct {
 // PdfEngine provides an interface for operations on PDFs. Implementations
 // can utilize various tools like PDFtk, or implement functionality directly in
 // Go.
+//
+//nolint:dupl
 type PdfEngine interface {
 	// Merge combines multiple PDFs into a single PDF. The resulting page order
 	// is determined by the order of files provided in inputPaths.
 	Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error
 
+	// Split splits a given PDF file.
+	Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error)
+
+	// Flatten merges existing annotation appearances with page content,
+	// effectively deleting the original annotations. This process can flatten
+	// forms as well, as forms share a relationship with annotations. Note that
+	// this operation is irreversible.
+	Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error
+
 	// Convert transforms a given PDF to the specified formats defined in
 	// PdfFormats. If no format, it does nothing.
 	Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error

pkg/modules/api/api.go

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ type Api struct {
 	basicAuthPassword         string
 	downloadFromCfg           downloadFromConfig
 	disableHealthCheckLogging bool
+	enableDebugRoute          bool
 
 	routes              []Route
 	externalMiddlewares []Middleware
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@ func (a *Api) Descriptor() gotenberg.ModuleDescriptor {
 			fs.Int("api-download-from-max-retry", 4, "Set the maximum number of retries for the download from feature")
 			fs.Bool("api-disable-download-from", false, "Disable the download from feature")
 			fs.Bool("api-disable-health-check-logging", false, "Disable health check logging")
+			fs.Bool("api-enable-debug-route", false, "Enable the debug route")
 			return fs
 		}(),
 		New: func() gotenberg.Module { return new(Api) },
@@ -212,6 +214,7 @@ func (a *Api) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 		disable:   flags.MustBool("api-disable-download-from"),
 	}
 	a.disableHealthCheckLogging = flags.MustBool("api-disable-health-check-logging")
+	a.enableDebugRoute = flags.MustBool("api-enable-debug-route")
 
 	// Port from env?
 	portEnvVar := flags.MustString("api-port-from-env")
@@ -318,7 +321,7 @@ func (a *Api) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 	a.logger = logger
 
 	// File system.
-	a.fs = gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+	a.fs = gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -365,9 +368,10 @@ func (a *Api) Validate() error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	routesMap := make(map[string]string, len(a.routes)+2)
+	routesMap := make(map[string]string, len(a.routes)+3)
 	routesMap["/health"] = "/health"
 	routesMap["/version"] = "/version"
+	routesMap["/debug"] = "/debug"
 
 	for _, route := range a.routes {
 		if route.Path == "" {
@@ -456,14 +460,22 @@ func (a *Api) Start() error {
 
 	hardTimeout := a.timeout + (time.Duration(5) * time.Second)
 
+	// Basic auth?
+	var securityMiddleware echo.MiddlewareFunc
+	if a.basicAuthUsername != "" {
+		securityMiddleware = basicAuthMiddleware(a.basicAuthUsername, a.basicAuthPassword)
+	} else {
+		securityMiddleware = func(next echo.HandlerFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
+			return func(c echo.Context) error {
+				return next(c)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Add the modules' routes and their specific middlewares.
 	for _, route := range a.routes {
 		var middlewares []echo.MiddlewareFunc
-
-		// Basic auth?
-		if a.basicAuthUsername != "" {
-			middlewares = append(middlewares, basicAuthMiddleware(a.basicAuthUsername, a.basicAuthPassword))
-		}
+		middlewares = append(middlewares, securityMiddleware)
 
 		if route.IsMultipart {
 			middlewares = append(middlewares, contextMiddleware(a.fs, a.timeout, a.bodyLimit, a.downloadFromCfg))
@@ -483,6 +495,24 @@ func (a *Api) Start() error {
 		)
 	}
 
+	// Root route.
+	a.srv.GET(
+		a.rootPath,
+		func(c echo.Context) error {
+			return c.HTML(http.StatusOK, `Hey, Gotenberg has no UI, it's an API. Head to the <a href="https://gotenberg.dev">documentation</a> to learn how to interact with it 🚀`)
+		},
+		securityMiddleware,
+	)
+
+	// Favicon route.
+	a.srv.GET(
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.rootPath, "favicon.ico"),
+		func(c echo.Context) error {
+			return c.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		},
+		securityMiddleware,
+	)
+
 	// Let's not forget the health check routes...
 	checks := append(a.healthChecks, health.WithTimeout(a.timeout))
 	checker := health.NewChecker(checks...)
@@ -503,14 +533,26 @@ func (a *Api) Start() error {
 		hardTimeoutMiddleware(hardTimeout),
 	)
 
-	// ...and the version route.
+	// ...the version route.
 	a.srv.GET(
 		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.rootPath, "version"),
 		func(c echo.Context) error {
 			return c.String(http.StatusOK, gotenberg.Version)
 		},
+		securityMiddleware,
 	)
 
+	// ...and the debug route.
+	if a.enableDebugRoute {
+		a.srv.GET(
+			fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.rootPath, "debug"),
+			func(c echo.Context) error {
+				return c.JSONPretty(http.StatusOK, gotenberg.Debug(), "  ")
+			},
+			securityMiddleware,
+		)
+	}
+
 	// Wait for all modules to be ready.
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), a.startTimeout)
 	defer cancel()

pkg/modules/api/api_test.go

@@ -786,6 +786,7 @@ func TestApi_Start(t *testing.T) {
 			mod.basicAuthUsername = "foo"
 			mod.basicAuthPassword = "bar"
 			mod.disableHealthCheckLogging = true
+			mod.enableDebugRoute = true
 			mod.routes = []Route{
 				{
 					Method:         http.MethodPost,
@@ -850,7 +851,7 @@ func TestApi_Start(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			}
 			mod.readyFn = tc.readyFn
-			mod.fs = gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+			mod.fs = gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 			mod.logger = zap.NewNop()
 
 			err := mod.Start()
@@ -866,15 +867,33 @@ func TestApi_Start(t *testing.T) {
 				return
 			}
 
-			// health requests.
+			// root request.
 			recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			rootRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
+			rootRequest.SetBasicAuth(mod.basicAuthUsername, mod.basicAuthPassword)
+			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, rootRequest)
+			if recorder.Code != http.StatusOK {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d status code but got %d", http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
+			}
 
+			// favicon request.
+			recorder = httptest.NewRecorder()
+			faviconRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/favicon.ico", nil)
+			faviconRequest.SetBasicAuth(mod.basicAuthUsername, mod.basicAuthPassword)
+			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, faviconRequest)
+			if recorder.Code != http.StatusNoContent {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d status code but got %d", http.StatusNoContent, recorder.Code)
+			}
+
+			// health requests.
+			recorder = httptest.NewRecorder()
 			healthGetRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/health", nil)
 			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, healthGetRequest)
 			if recorder.Code != http.StatusOK {
 				t.Errorf("expected %d status code but got %d", http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
 			}
 
+			recorder = httptest.NewRecorder()
 			healthHeadRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodHead, "/health", nil)
 			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, healthHeadRequest)
 			if recorder.Code != http.StatusOK {
@@ -882,12 +901,23 @@ func TestApi_Start(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			// version request.
+			recorder = httptest.NewRecorder()
 			versionRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/version", nil)
+			versionRequest.SetBasicAuth(mod.basicAuthUsername, mod.basicAuthPassword)
 			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, versionRequest)
 			if recorder.Code != http.StatusOK {
 				t.Errorf("expected %d status code but got %d", http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
 			}
 
+			// debug request.
+			recorder = httptest.NewRecorder()
+			debugRequest := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/debug", nil)
+			debugRequest.SetBasicAuth(mod.basicAuthUsername, mod.basicAuthPassword)
+			mod.srv.ServeHTTP(recorder, debugRequest)
+			if recorder.Code != http.StatusOK {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d status code but got %d", http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
+			}
+
 			// "multipart/form-data" request.
 			multipartRequest := func(url string) *http.Request {
 				body := &bytes.Buffer{}

pkg/modules/api/context.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package api
 
 import (
-	"compress/flate"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp"
 	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
-	"github.com/mholt/archiver/v3"
+	"github.com/mholt/archives"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
@@ -47,6 +46,7 @@ type Context struct {
 
 	logger     *zap.Logger
 	echoCtx    echo.Context
+	mkdirAll   gotenberg.MkdirAll
 	pathRename gotenberg.PathRename
 	context.Context
 }
@@ -81,12 +81,6 @@ type downloadFrom struct {
 	ExtraHttpHeaders map[string]string `json:"extraHttpHeaders"`
 }
 
-type osPathRename struct{}
-
-func (o *osPathRename) Rename(oldpath, newpath string) error {
-	return os.Rename(oldpath, newpath)
-}
-
 // newContext returns a [Context] by parsing a "multipart/form-data" request.
 func newContext(echoCtx echo.Context, logger *zap.Logger, fs *gotenberg.FileSystem, timeout time.Duration, bodyLimit int64, downloadFromCfg downloadFromConfig, traceHeader, trace string) (*Context, context.CancelFunc, error) {
 	processCtx, processCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
@@ -112,7 +106,8 @@ func newContext(echoCtx echo.Context, logger *zap.Logger, fs *gotenberg.FileSyst
 		cancelled:   false,
 		logger:      logger,
 		echoCtx:     echoCtx,
-		pathRename:  new(osPathRename),
+		mkdirAll:    new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll),
+		pathRename:  new(gotenberg.OsPathRename),
 		Context:     processCtx,
 	}
 
@@ -414,9 +409,21 @@ func (ctx *Context) GeneratePath(extension string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s%s", ctx.dirPath, uuid.New().String(), extension)
 }
 
+// CreateSubDirectory creates a subdirectory within the context's working
+// directory.
+func (ctx *Context) CreateSubDirectory(dirName string) (string, error) {
+	path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", ctx.dirPath, dirName)
+	err := ctx.mkdirAll.MkdirAll(path, 0o755)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("create sub-directory %s: %w", path, err)
+	}
+	return path, nil
+}
+
 // Rename is just a wrapper around [os.Rename], as we need to mock this
 // behavior in our tests.
 func (ctx *Context) Rename(oldpath, newpath string) error {
+	ctx.Log().Debug(fmt.Sprintf("rename %s to %s", oldpath, newpath))
 	err := ctx.pathRename.Rename(oldpath, newpath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("rename path: %w", err)
@@ -460,22 +467,33 @@ func (ctx *Context) BuildOutputFile() (string, error) {
 
 	if len(ctx.outputPaths) == 1 {
 		ctx.logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("only one output file '%s', skip archive creation", ctx.outputPaths[0]))
-
 		return ctx.outputPaths[0], nil
 	}
 
-	z := archiver.Zip{
-		CompressionLevel:       flate.DefaultCompression,
-		MkdirAll:               true,
-		SelectiveCompression:   true,
-		ContinueOnError:        false,
-		OverwriteExisting:      false,
-		ImplicitTopLevelFolder: false,
+	filesInfo, err := archives.FilesFromDisk(ctx.Context, nil, func() map[string]string {
+		f := make(map[string]string)
+		for _, outputPath := range ctx.outputPaths {
+			f[outputPath] = ""
+		}
+		return f
+	}())
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("create files info: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	archivePath := ctx.GeneratePath(".zip")
+	out, err := os.Create(archivePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("create zip file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func(out *os.File) {
+		err := out.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			ctx.logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("close zip file: %s", err))
+		}
+	}(out)
 
-	err := z.Archive(ctx.outputPaths, archivePath)
+	err = archives.Zip{}.Archive(ctx.Context, out, filesInfo)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("archive output files: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -496,8 +514,3 @@ func (ctx *Context) OutputFilename(outputPath string) string {
 
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", filename, filepath.Ext(outputPath))
 }
-
-// Interface guard.
-var (
-	_ gotenberg.PathRename = (*osPathRename)(nil)
-)

pkg/modules/api/context_test.go

@@ -4,78 +4,22 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/dlclark/regexp2"
-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/gotenberg"
 )
 
-func TestOsPathRename_Rename(t *testing.T) {
-	dirPath, err := gotenberg.NewFileSystem().MkdirAll()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("create working directory: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	path := "/tests/test/testdata/api/sample1.txt"
-	copyPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, fmt.Sprintf("%s.txt", uuid.NewString()))
-
-	in, err := os.Open(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("open file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		err := in.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("close file: %v", err)
-		}
-	}()
-
-	out, err := os.Create(copyPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("create new file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		err := out.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("close new file: %v", err)
-		}
-	}()
-
-	_, err = io.Copy(out, in)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("copy file to new file: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	rename := new(osPathRename)
-	newPath := filepath.Join(dirPath, fmt.Sprintf("%s.txt", uuid.NewString()))
-
-	err = rename.Rename(copyPath, newPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = os.RemoveAll(dirPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("remove working directory: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestNewContext(t *testing.T) {
 	defaultAllowList, err := regexp2.Compile("", 0)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -548,7 +492,7 @@ func TestNewContext(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			handler := func(c echo.Context) error {
-				ctx, cancel, err := newContext(c, zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.NewFileSystem(), time.Duration(10)*time.Second, tc.bodyLimit, tc.downloadFromCfg, "Gotenberg-Trace", "123")
+				ctx, cancel, err := newContext(c, zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)), time.Duration(10)*time.Second, tc.bodyLimit, tc.downloadFromCfg, "Gotenberg-Trace", "123")
 				defer cancel()
 				// Context already cancelled.
 				defer cancel()
@@ -647,6 +591,42 @@ func TestContext_FormData(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestContext_CreateSubDirectory(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		ctx         *Context
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "failure",
+			ctx: &Context{mkdirAll: &gotenberg.MkdirAllMock{MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+				return errors.New("cannot rename")
+			}}},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			ctx: &Context{mkdirAll: &gotenberg.MkdirAllMock{MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+				return nil
+			}}},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tc.ctx.logger = zap.NewNop()
+			_, err := tc.ctx.CreateSubDirectory("foo")
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none", err)
+			}
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestContext_GeneratePath(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := &Context{
 		dirPath: "/foo",
@@ -680,6 +660,7 @@ func TestContext_Rename(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tc.ctx.logger = zap.NewNop()
 			err := tc.ctx.Rename("", "")
 
 			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
@@ -788,7 +769,7 @@ func TestContext_BuildOutputFile(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
-			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 			dirPath, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("expected no erro but got: %v", err)
@@ -802,6 +783,7 @@ func TestContext_BuildOutputFile(t *testing.T) {
 			}()
 
 			tc.ctx.dirPath = dirPath
+			tc.ctx.Context = context.Background()
 			tc.ctx.logger = zap.NewNop()
 
 			_, err = tc.ctx.BuildOutputFile()

pkg/modules/api/middlewares.go

@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ func ParseError(err error) (int, string) {
 		return http.StatusTooManyRequests, http.StatusText(http.StatusTooManyRequests)
 	}
 
+	if errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported) {
+		return http.StatusBadRequest, "At least one PDF engine cannot process the requested PDF split mode, while others may have failed to split due to different issues"
+	}
+
 	if errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfFormatNotSupported) {
 		return http.StatusBadRequest, "At least one PDF engine cannot process the requested PDF format, while others may have failed to convert due to different issues"
 	}
@@ -157,9 +161,12 @@ func loggerMiddleware(logger *zap.Logger, disableLoggingForPaths []string) echo.
 			trace := c.Get("trace").(string)
 			rootPath := c.Get("rootPath").(string)
 
-			// Create the request logger and add it to our locals.
-			reqLogger := logger.With(zap.String("trace", trace))
-			c.Set("logger", reqLogger.Named(func() string {
+			// Create the application logger and add it to our locals.
+			appLogger := logger.
+				With(zap.String("log_type", "application")).
+				With(zap.String("trace", trace))
+
+			c.Set("logger", appLogger.Named(func() string {
 				return strings.ReplaceAll(
 					strings.ReplaceAll(c.Request().URL.Path, rootPath, ""),
 					"/",
@@ -173,6 +180,11 @@ func loggerMiddleware(logger *zap.Logger, disableLoggingForPaths []string) echo.
 				c.Error(err)
 			}
 
+			// Create the access logger.
+			accessLogger := logger.
+				With(zap.String("log_type", "access")).
+				With(zap.String("trace", trace))
+
 			for _, path := range disableLoggingForPaths {
 				URI := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", rootPath, path)
 
@@ -208,9 +220,9 @@ func loggerMiddleware(logger *zap.Logger, disableLoggingForPaths []string) echo.
 			fields[11] = zap.Int64("bytes_out", c.Response().Size)
 
 			if err != nil {
-				reqLogger.Error(err.Error(), fields...)
+				accessLogger.Error(err.Error(), fields...)
 			} else {
-				reqLogger.Info("request handled", fields...)
+				accessLogger.Info("request handled", fields...)
 			}
 
 			return nil

pkg/modules/api/middlewares_test.go

@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ func TestParseError(t *testing.T) {
 			expectStatus:  http.StatusTooManyRequests,
 			expectMessage: http.StatusText(http.StatusTooManyRequests),
 		},
+		{
+			err:           gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectStatus:  http.StatusBadRequest,
+			expectMessage: "At least one PDF engine cannot process the requested PDF split mode, while others may have failed to split due to different issues",
+		},
 		{
 			err:           gotenberg.ErrPdfFormatNotSupported,
 			expectStatus:  http.StatusBadRequest,
@@ -462,7 +467,7 @@ func TestContextMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 		c.Set("trace", "foo")
 		c.Set("startTime", time.Now())
 
-		err := contextMiddleware(gotenberg.NewFileSystem(), time.Duration(10)*time.Second, 0, downloadFromConfig{})(tc.next)(c)
+		err := contextMiddleware(gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)), time.Duration(10)*time.Second, 0, downloadFromConfig{})(tc.next)(c)
 
 		if tc.expectErr && err == nil {
 			t.Errorf("test %d: expected error but got: %v", i, err)

pkg/modules/api/mocks.go

@@ -86,6 +86,14 @@ func (ctx *ContextMock) SetEchoContext(c echo.Context) {
 	ctx.Context.echoCtx = c
 }
 
+// SetMkdirAll sets the [gotenberg.MkdirAll].
+//
+//	ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: &api.Context{}}
+//	ctx.SetMkdirAll(mkdirAll)
+func (ctx *ContextMock) SetMkdirAll(mkdirAll gotenberg.MkdirAll) {
+	ctx.Context.mkdirAll = mkdirAll
+}
+
 // SetPathRename sets the [gotenberg.PathRename].
 //
 //	ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: &api.Context{}}

pkg/modules/api/mocks_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/alexliesenfeld/health"
 	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/gotenberg"
 )
 
 func TestContextMock_SetDirPath(t *testing.T) {
@@ -117,10 +119,23 @@ func TestContextMock_SetEchoContext(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestContextMock_SetMkdirAll(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := ContextMock{&Context{}}
+
+	expect := new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)
+	mock.SetMkdirAll(expect)
+
+	actual := mock.mkdirAll
+
+	if actual != expect {
+		t.Errorf("expected %v but got %v", expect, actual)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestContextMock_SetPathRename(t *testing.T) {
 	mock := ContextMock{&Context{}}
 
-	expect := new(osPathRename)
+	expect := new(gotenberg.OsPathRename)
 	mock.SetPathRename(expect)
 
 	actual := mock.pathRename

pkg/modules/chromium/browser.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/chromedp/cdproto/runtime"
 	"github.com/chromedp/chromedp"
 	"github.com/dlclark/regexp2"
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/gotenberg"
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func newChromiumBrowser(arguments browserArguments) browser {
 	b := &chromiumBrowser{
 		initialCtx: context.Background(),
 		arguments:  arguments,
-		fs:         gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+		fs:         gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 	}
 	b.isStarted.Store(false)
 
@@ -162,21 +163,61 @@ func (b *chromiumBrowser) Stop(logger *zap.Logger) error {
 
 	// Always remove the user profile directory created by Chromium.
 	copyUserProfileDirPath := b.userProfileDirPath
-	defer func(userProfileDirPath string) {
+	expirationTime := time.Now()
+	defer func(userProfileDirPath string, expirationTime time.Time) {
+		// See:
+		// https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium/blob/7216d060d86872afe853ccda62db0dfab5118dc7/NodeChrome/chrome-cleanup.sh
+		// https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium/blob/7216d060d86872afe853ccda62db0dfab5118dc7/NodeChromium/chrome-cleanup.sh
+
+		// Clean up stuck processes.
+		ps, err := process.Processes()
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("list processes: %v", err))
+		} else {
+			for _, p := range ps {
+				func() {
+					cmdline, err := p.Cmdline()
+					if err != nil {
+						return
+					}
+
+					if !strings.Contains(cmdline, "chromium/chromium") && !strings.Contains(cmdline, "chrome/chrome") {
+						return
+					}
+
+					killCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
+					defer cancel()
+
+					err = p.KillWithContext(killCtx)
+					if err != nil {
+						logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("kill process: %v", err))
+					} else {
+						logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("Chromium process %d killed", p.Pid))
+					}
+				}()
+			}
+		}
+
 		go func() {
 			// FIXME: Chromium seems to recreate the user profile directory
 			//  right after its deletion if we do not wait a certain amount
 			//  of time before deleting it.
 			<-time.After(10 * time.Second)
 
-			err := os.RemoveAll(userProfileDirPath)
+			err = os.RemoveAll(userProfileDirPath)
 			if err != nil {
 				logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("remove Chromium's user profile directory: %s", err))
+			} else {
+				logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%s' Chromium's user profile directory removed", userProfileDirPath))
 			}
 
-			logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%s' Chromium's user profile directory removed", userProfileDirPath))
+			// Also remove Chromium specific files in the temporary directory.
+			err = gotenberg.GarbageCollect(logger, os.TempDir(), []string{".org.chromium.Chromium", ".com.google.Chrome"}, expirationTime)
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error(err.Error())
+			}
 		}()
-	}(copyUserProfileDirPath)
+	}(copyUserProfileDirPath, expirationTime)
 
 	b.ctxMu.Lock()
 	defer b.ctxMu.Unlock()

pkg/modules/chromium/browser_test.go

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(false)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:  false,
 			start:       false,
 			expectError: true,
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:  true,
 			start:       false,
 			expectError: true,
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:    false,
 			start:         false,
 			expectError:   true,
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:    false,
 			start:         false,
 			expectError:   true,
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1421,7 +1421,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(false)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:  false,
 			start:       false,
 			expectError: true,
@@ -1437,7 +1437,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:          gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:  true,
 			start:       false,
 			expectError: true,
@@ -1453,7 +1453,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:    false,
 			start:         false,
 			expectError:   true,
@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				b.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return b
 			}(),
-			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			noDeadline:    false,
 			start:         false,
 			expectError:   true,
@@ -1487,7 +1487,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1519,7 +1519,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1551,7 +1551,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1619,7 +1619,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1657,7 +1657,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1690,7 +1690,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1716,7 +1716,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1750,7 +1750,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1783,7 +1783,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1816,7 +1816,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1850,7 +1850,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1885,7 +1885,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1920,7 +1920,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2009,7 +2009,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2042,7 +2042,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2077,7 +2077,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2112,7 +2112,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2147,7 +2147,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2193,7 +2193,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2228,7 +2228,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2274,7 +2274,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2317,7 +2317,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -2365,7 +2365,7 @@ func TestChromiumBrowser_screenshot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {

pkg/modules/chromium/chromium.go

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/alexliesenfeld/health"
@@ -213,26 +216,31 @@ type PdfOptions struct {
 	// PreferCssPageSize defines whether to prefer page size as defined by CSS.
 	// If false, the content will be scaled to fit the paper size.
 	PreferCssPageSize bool
+
+	// GenerateDocumentOutline defines whether the document outline should be
+	// embedded into the PDF.
+	GenerateDocumentOutline bool
 }
 
 // DefaultPdfOptions returns the default values for PdfOptions.
 func DefaultPdfOptions() PdfOptions {
 	return PdfOptions{
-		Options:           DefaultOptions(),
-		Landscape:         false,
-		PrintBackground:   false,
-		Scale:             1.0,
-		SinglePage:        false,
-		PaperWidth:        8.5,
-		PaperHeight:       11,
-		MarginTop:         0.39,
-		MarginBottom:      0.39,
-		MarginLeft:        0.39,
-		MarginRight:       0.39,
-		PageRanges:        "",
-		HeaderTemplate:    "<html><head></head><body></body></html>",
-		FooterTemplate:    "<html><head></head><body></body></html>",
-		PreferCssPageSize: false,
+		Options:                 DefaultOptions(),
+		Landscape:               false,
+		PrintBackground:         false,
+		Scale:                   1.0,
+		SinglePage:              false,
+		PaperWidth:              8.5,
+		PaperHeight:             11,
+		MarginTop:               0.39,
+		MarginBottom:            0.39,
+		MarginLeft:              0.39,
+		MarginRight:             0.39,
+		PageRanges:              "",
+		HeaderTemplate:          "<html><head></head><body></body></html>",
+		FooterTemplate:          "<html><head></head><body></body></html>",
+		PreferCssPageSize:       false,
+		GenerateDocumentOutline: false,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -347,7 +355,7 @@ func (mod *Chromium) Descriptor() gotenberg.ModuleDescriptor {
 		ID: "chromium",
 		FlagSet: func() *flag.FlagSet {
 			fs := flag.NewFlagSet("chromium", flag.ExitOnError)
-			fs.Int64("chromium-restart-after", 0, "Number of conversions after which Chromium will automatically restart. Set to 0 to disable this feature")
+			fs.Int64("chromium-restart-after", 10, "Number of conversions after which Chromium will automatically restart. Set to 0 to disable this feature")
 			fs.Int64("chromium-max-queue-size", 0, "Maximum request queue size for Chromium. Set to 0 to disable this feature")
 			fs.Bool("chromium-auto-start", false, "Automatically launch Chromium upon initialization if set to true; otherwise, Chromium will start at the time of the first conversion")
 			fs.Duration("chromium-start-timeout", time.Duration(20)*time.Second, "Maximum duration to wait for Chromium to start or restart")
@@ -479,6 +487,23 @@ func (mod *Chromium) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("stop Chromium: %w", err)
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (mod *Chromium) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(mod.args.binPath, "--version") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	debug["version"] = strings.TrimSpace(string(output))
+	return debug
+}
+
 // Metrics returns the metrics.
 func (mod *Chromium) Metrics() ([]gotenberg.Metric, error) {
 	return []gotenberg.Metric{
@@ -588,6 +613,7 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner     = (*Chromium)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator       = (*Chromium)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.App             = (*Chromium)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable      = (*Chromium)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.MetricsProvider = (*Chromium)(nil)
 	_ api.HealthChecker         = (*Chromium)(nil)
 	_ api.Router                = (*Chromium)(nil)

pkg/modules/chromium/chromium_test.go

@@ -336,6 +336,54 @@ func TestChromium_Stop(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestChromium_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		mod         *Chromium
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version",
+			mod: &Chromium{
+				args: browserArguments{
+					binPath: "foo",
+				},
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			mod: &Chromium{
+				args: browserArguments{
+					binPath: "echo",
+				},
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "echo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.mod.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestChromium_Metrics(t *testing.T) {
 	mod := new(Chromium)
 	mod.supervisor = &gotenberg.ProcessSupervisorMock{

pkg/modules/chromium/routes.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/gotenberg"
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/api"
+	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/pdfengines"
 )
 
 // FormDataChromiumOptions creates [Options] from the form data. Fallback to
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ func FormDataChromiumPdfOptions(ctx *api.Context) (*api.FormData, PdfOptions) {
 		pageRanges                                       string
 		headerTemplate, footerTemplate                   string
 		preferCssPageSize                                bool
+		generateDocumentOutline                          bool
 	)
 
 	form.
@@ -221,24 +223,26 @@ func FormDataChromiumPdfOptions(ctx *api.Context) (*api.FormData, PdfOptions) {
 		String("nativePageRanges", &pageRanges, defaultPdfOptions.PageRanges).
 		Content("header.html", &headerTemplate, defaultPdfOptions.HeaderTemplate).
 		Content("footer.html", &footerTemplate, defaultPdfOptions.FooterTemplate).
-		Bool("preferCssPageSize", &preferCssPageSize, defaultPdfOptions.PreferCssPageSize)
+		Bool("preferCssPageSize", &preferCssPageSize, defaultPdfOptions.PreferCssPageSize).
+		Bool("generateDocumentOutline", &generateDocumentOutline, defaultPdfOptions.GenerateDocumentOutline)
 
 	pdfOptions := PdfOptions{
-		Options:           options,
-		Landscape:         landscape,
-		PrintBackground:   printBackground,
-		Scale:             scale,
-		SinglePage:        singlePage,
-		PaperWidth:        paperWidth,
-		PaperHeight:       paperHeight,
-		MarginTop:         marginTop,
-		MarginBottom:      marginBottom,
-		MarginLeft:        marginLeft,
-		MarginRight:       marginRight,
-		PageRanges:        pageRanges,
-		HeaderTemplate:    headerTemplate,
-		FooterTemplate:    footerTemplate,
-		PreferCssPageSize: preferCssPageSize,
+		Options:                 options,
+		Landscape:               landscape,
+		PrintBackground:         printBackground,
+		Scale:                   scale,
+		SinglePage:              singlePage,
+		PaperWidth:              paperWidth,
+		PaperHeight:             paperHeight,
+		MarginTop:               marginTop,
+		MarginBottom:            marginBottom,
+		MarginLeft:              marginLeft,
+		MarginRight:             marginRight,
+		PageRanges:              pageRanges,
+		HeaderTemplate:          headerTemplate,
+		FooterTemplate:          footerTemplate,
+		PreferCssPageSize:       preferCssPageSize,
+		GenerateDocumentOutline: generateDocumentOutline,
 	}
 
 	return form, pdfOptions
@@ -313,39 +317,6 @@ func FormDataChromiumScreenshotOptions(ctx *api.Context) (*api.FormData, Screens
 	return form, screenshotOptions
 }
 
-// FormDataChromiumPdfFormats creates [gotenberg.PdfFormats] from the form
-// data. Fallback to default value if the considered key is not present.
-func FormDataChromiumPdfFormats(form *api.FormData) gotenberg.PdfFormats {
-	var (
-		pdfa  string
-		pdfua bool
-	)
-
-	form.
-		String("pdfa", &pdfa, "").
-		Bool("pdfua", &pdfua, false)
-
-	return gotenberg.PdfFormats{
-		PdfA:  pdfa,
-		PdfUa: pdfua,
-	}
-}
-
-// FormDataPdfMetadata creates metadata object from the form data.
-func FormDataPdfMetadata(form *api.FormData) map[string]interface{} {
-	var metadata map[string]interface{}
-	form.Custom("metadata", func(value string) error {
-		if len(value) > 0 {
-			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value), &metadata)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal metadata: %w", err)
-			}
-		}
-		return nil
-	})
-	return metadata
-}
-
 // convertUrlRoute returns an [api.Route] which can convert a URL to PDF.
 func convertUrlRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 	return api.Route{
@@ -355,8 +326,9 @@ func convertUrlRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 			form, options := FormDataChromiumPdfOptions(ctx)
-			pdfFormats := FormDataChromiumPdfFormats(form)
-			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form)
+			mode := pdfengines.FormDataPdfSplitMode(form, false)
+			pdfFormats := pdfengines.FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := pdfengines.FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
 
 			var url string
 			err := form.
@@ -366,7 +338,7 @@ func convertUrlRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, pdfFormats, metadata)
+			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, mode, pdfFormats, metadata)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("convert URL to PDF: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -415,8 +387,9 @@ func convertHtmlRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 			form, options := FormDataChromiumPdfOptions(ctx)
-			pdfFormats := FormDataChromiumPdfFormats(form)
-			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form)
+			mode := pdfengines.FormDataPdfSplitMode(form, false)
+			pdfFormats := pdfengines.FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := pdfengines.FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
 
 			var inputPath string
 			err := form.
@@ -427,7 +400,7 @@ func convertHtmlRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 			}
 
 			url := fmt.Sprintf("file://%s", inputPath)
-			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, pdfFormats, metadata)
+			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, mode, pdfFormats, metadata)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("convert HTML to PDF: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -477,8 +450,9 @@ func convertMarkdownRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 			form, options := FormDataChromiumPdfOptions(ctx)
-			pdfFormats := FormDataChromiumPdfFormats(form)
-			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form)
+			mode := pdfengines.FormDataPdfSplitMode(form, false)
+			pdfFormats := pdfengines.FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := pdfengines.FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
 
 			var (
 				inputPath     string
@@ -498,7 +472,7 @@ func convertMarkdownRoute(chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 				return fmt.Errorf("transform markdown file(s) to HTML: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, pdfFormats, metadata)
+			err = convertUrl(ctx, chromium, engine, url, options, mode, pdfFormats, metadata)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("convert markdown to PDF: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -622,7 +596,7 @@ func markdownToHtml(ctx *api.Context, inputPath string, markdownPaths []string)
 	return fmt.Sprintf("file://%s", inputPath), nil
 }
 
-func convertUrl(ctx *api.Context, chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, url string, options PdfOptions, pdfFormats gotenberg.PdfFormats, metadata map[string]interface{}) error {
+func convertUrl(ctx *api.Context, chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, url string, options PdfOptions, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, pdfFormats gotenberg.PdfFormats, metadata map[string]interface{}) error {
 	outputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
 
 	err := chromium.Pdf(ctx, ctx.Log(), url, outputPath, options)
@@ -661,34 +635,39 @@ func convertUrl(ctx *api.Context, chromium Api, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, url
 		return fmt.Errorf("convert to PDF: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// So far so good, the URL has been converted to PDF.
-	// Now, let's check if the client want to convert the resulting PDF
-	// to specific formats.
-	zeroValued := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
-	if pdfFormats != zeroValued {
-		convertInputPath := outputPath
-		convertOutputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
-
-		err = engine.Convert(ctx, ctx.Log(), pdfFormats, convertInputPath, convertOutputPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Important: the output path is now the converted file.
-		outputPath = convertOutputPath
-	}
-
-	// Writes and potentially overrides metadata entries, if any.
-	if len(metadata) > 0 {
-		err = engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), metadata, outputPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPath)
+	outputPaths, err := pdfengines.SplitPdfStub(ctx, engine, mode, []string{outputPath})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add output path: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("split PDF: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	convertOutputPaths, err := pdfengines.ConvertStub(ctx, engine, pdfFormats, outputPaths)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF(s): %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = pdfengines.WriteMetadataStub(ctx, engine, metadata, convertOutputPaths)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	zeroValuedSplitMode := gotenberg.SplitMode{}
+	zeroValuedPdfFormats := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
+	if mode != zeroValuedSplitMode && pdfFormats != zeroValuedPdfFormats {
+		// The PDF has been split and split parts have been converted to a
+		// specific format. We want to keep the split naming.
+		for i, convertOutputPath := range convertOutputPaths {
+			err = ctx.Rename(convertOutputPath, outputPaths[i])
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("rename output path: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		outputPaths = convertOutputPaths
+	}
+
+	err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPaths...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil

pkg/modules/chromium/routes_test.go

@@ -603,125 +603,6 @@ func TestFormDataChromiumScreenshotOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestFormDataChromiumPdfFormats(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		scenario              string
-		ctx                   *api.ContextMock
-		expectedPdfFormats    gotenberg.PdfFormats
-		expectValidationError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			scenario:              "no custom form fields",
-			ctx:                   &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
-			expectedPdfFormats:    gotenberg.PdfFormats{},
-			expectValidationError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			scenario: "pdfa and pdfua form fields",
-			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
-				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
-				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
-					"pdfa": {
-						"foo",
-					},
-					"pdfua": {
-						"true",
-					},
-				})
-				return ctx
-			}(),
-			expectedPdfFormats:    gotenberg.PdfFormats{PdfA: "foo", PdfUa: true},
-			expectValidationError: false,
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tc.ctx.SetLogger(zap.NewNop())
-			form := tc.ctx.Context.FormData()
-			actual := FormDataChromiumPdfFormats(form)
-
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, tc.expectedPdfFormats) {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %+v but got: %+v", tc.expectedPdfFormats, actual)
-			}
-
-			err := form.Validate()
-
-			if tc.expectValidationError && err == nil {
-				t.Fatal("expected validation error but got none", err)
-			}
-
-			if !tc.expectValidationError && err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected no validation error but got: %v", err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestFormDataPdfMetadata(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		scenario              string
-		ctx                   *api.ContextMock
-		expectedMetadata      map[string]interface{}
-		expectValidationError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			scenario:              "no metadata form field",
-			ctx:                   &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
-			expectedMetadata:      nil,
-			expectValidationError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			scenario: "invalid metadata form field",
-			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
-				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
-				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
-					"metadata": {
-						"foo",
-					},
-				})
-				return ctx
-			}(),
-			expectedMetadata:      nil,
-			expectValidationError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			scenario: "valid metadata form field",
-			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
-				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
-				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
-					"metadata": {
-						"{\"foo\":\"bar\"}",
-					},
-				})
-				return ctx
-			}(),
-			expectedMetadata: map[string]interface{}{
-				"foo": "bar",
-			},
-			expectValidationError: false,
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tc.ctx.SetLogger(zap.NewNop())
-			form := tc.ctx.Context.FormData()
-			actual := FormDataPdfMetadata(form)
-
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(actual, tc.expectedMetadata) {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %+v but got: %+v", tc.expectedMetadata, actual)
-			}
-
-			err := form.Validate()
-
-			if tc.expectValidationError && err == nil {
-				t.Fatal("expected validation error but got none", err)
-			}
-
-			if !tc.expectValidationError && err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected no validation error but got: %v", err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestConvertUrlRoute(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		scenario               string
@@ -1547,6 +1428,7 @@ func TestConvertUrl(t *testing.T) {
 		api                    Api
 		engine                 gotenberg.PdfEngine
 		options                PdfOptions
+		splitMode              gotenberg.SplitMode
 		pdfFormats             gotenberg.PdfFormats
 		metadata               map[string]interface{}
 		expectError            bool
@@ -1689,6 +1571,36 @@ func TestConvertUrl(t *testing.T) {
 			expectHttpError:        false,
 			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
 		},
+		{
+			scenario: "PDF engine split error",
+			ctx:      &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
+			api: &ApiMock{PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, url, outputPath string, options PdfOptions) error {
+				return nil
+			}},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+				return nil, errors.New("foo")
+			}},
+			options:                DefaultPdfOptions(),
+			splitMode:              gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals, Span: "1"},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success with split mode",
+			ctx:      &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
+			api: &ApiMock{PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, url, outputPath string, options PdfOptions) error {
+				return nil
+			}},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+				return []string{inputPath}, nil
+			}},
+			options:                DefaultPdfOptions(),
+			splitMode:              gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1"},
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
 		{
 			scenario: "PDF engine convert error",
 			ctx:      &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
@@ -1719,6 +1631,27 @@ func TestConvertUrl(t *testing.T) {
 			expectHttpError:        false,
 			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
 		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success with split mode and PDF formats",
+			ctx:      &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
+			api: &ApiMock{PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, url, outputPath string, options PdfOptions) error {
+				return nil
+			}},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+					return []string{inputPath}, nil
+				},
+				ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+			},
+			options:                DefaultPdfOptions(),
+			splitMode:              gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1"},
+			pdfFormats:             gotenberg.PdfFormats{PdfA: gotenberg.PdfA1b},
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
 		{
 			scenario: "PDF engine write metadata error",
 			ctx:      &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)},
@@ -1778,7 +1711,13 @@ func TestConvertUrl(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
 			tc.ctx.SetLogger(zap.NewNop())
-			err := convertUrl(tc.ctx.Context, tc.api, tc.engine, "", tc.options, tc.pdfFormats, tc.metadata)
+			tc.ctx.SetMkdirAll(&gotenberg.MkdirAllMock{MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+				return nil
+			}})
+			tc.ctx.SetPathRename(&gotenberg.PathRenameMock{RenameMock: func(oldpath, newpath string) error {
+				return nil
+			}})
+			err := convertUrl(tc.ctx.Context, tc.api, tc.engine, "", tc.options, tc.splitMode, tc.pdfFormats, tc.metadata)
 
 			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
 				t.Fatal("expected error but got none", err)

pkg/modules/chromium/tasks.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ func printToPdfActionFunc(logger *zap.Logger, outputPath string, options PdfOpti
 			WithMarginRight(options.MarginRight).
 			WithPageRanges(pageRanges).
 			WithPreferCSSPageSize(options.PreferCssPageSize).
+			WithGenerateDocumentOutline(options.GenerateDocumentOutline).
 			// Does not seem to work.
 			// See https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/issues/831.
 			WithGenerateTaggedPDF(false)

pkg/modules/exiftool/exiftool.go

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"github.com/barasher/go-exiftool"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -52,11 +56,38 @@ func (engine *ExifTool) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (engine *ExifTool) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(engine.binPath, "-ver") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	debug["version"] = strings.TrimSpace(string(output))
+	return debug
+}
+
 // Merge is not available in this implementation.
 func (engine *ExifTool) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with ExifTool: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
 }
 
+// Split is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *ExifTool) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDF with ExifTool: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
+// Flatten is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *ExifTool) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDF with ExifTool: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
 // Convert is not available in this implementation.
 func (engine *ExifTool) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF to '%+v' with ExifTool: %w", formats, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
@@ -109,6 +140,17 @@ func (engine *ExifTool) WriteMetadata(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, m
 			fileMetadata[0].SetString(key, val)
 		case []string:
 			fileMetadata[0].SetStrings(key, val)
+		case []interface{}:
+			// See https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/issues/1048.
+			strings := make([]string, len(val))
+			for i, entry := range val {
+				if str, ok := entry.(string); ok {
+					strings[i] = str
+					continue
+				}
+				return fmt.Errorf("write PDF metadata with ExifTool: %s %+v %s %w", key, val, reflect.TypeOf(val), gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported)
+			}
+			fileMetadata[0].SetStrings(key, strings)
 		case bool:
 			fileMetadata[0].SetString(key, fmt.Sprintf("%t", val))
 		case int:
@@ -122,7 +164,7 @@ func (engine *ExifTool) WriteMetadata(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, m
 		// TODO: support more complex cases, e.g., arrays and nested objects
 		// 	(limitations in underlying library).
 		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("write PDF metadata with ExifTool: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported)
+			return fmt.Errorf("write PDF metadata with ExifTool: %s %+v %s %w", key, val, reflect.TypeOf(val), gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -139,5 +181,6 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Module      = (*ExifTool)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner = (*ExifTool)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator   = (*ExifTool)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable  = (*ExifTool)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.PdfEngine   = (*ExifTool)(nil)
 )

pkg/modules/exiftool/exiftool_test.go

@@ -73,6 +73,50 @@ func TestExifTool_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestExifTool_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *ExifTool
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version",
+			engine: &ExifTool{
+				binPath: "foo",
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			engine: &ExifTool{
+				binPath: "echo",
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "echo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.engine.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExiftool_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := new(ExifTool)
 	err := engine.Merge(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), nil, "")
@@ -82,6 +126,24 @@ func TestExiftool_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestExiftool_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := new(ExifTool)
+	_, err := engine.Split(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.SplitMode{}, "", "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExiftool_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := new(ExifTool)
+	err := engine.Flatten(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExiftool_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := new(ExifTool)
 	err := engine.Convert(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.PdfFormats{}, "", "")
@@ -162,7 +224,20 @@ func TestExiftool_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 			expectError: true,
 		},
 		{
-			scenario:   "gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported",
+			scenario:   "gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported (not string array)",
+			createCopy: true,
+			inputPath:  "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"Unsupported": []interface{}{
+					"foo",
+					1,
+				},
+			},
+			expectError:   true,
+			expectedError: gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:   "gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported (default)",
 			createCopy: true,
 			inputPath:  "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
 			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
@@ -171,6 +246,24 @@ func TestExiftool_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 			expectError:   true,
 			expectedError: gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMetadataValueNotSupported,
 		},
+		{
+			scenario:   "success (interface array to string array)",
+			createCopy: true,
+			inputPath:  "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"Keywords": []interface{}{
+					"first",
+					"second",
+				},
+			},
+			expectMetadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"Keywords": []interface{}{
+					"first",
+					"second",
+				},
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
 		{
 			scenario:   "success",
 			createCopy: true,
@@ -226,7 +319,7 @@ func TestExiftool_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 
 			var destinationPath string
 			if tc.createCopy {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 				outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("expected error no but got: %v", err)

pkg/modules/libreoffice/api/api.go

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/alexliesenfeld/health"
@@ -305,6 +308,23 @@ func (a *Api) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("stop LibreOffice: %w", err)
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (a *Api) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(a.args.binPath, "--version") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	debug["version"] = strings.TrimSpace(string(output))
+	return debug
+}
+
 // Metrics returns the metrics.
 func (a *Api) Metrics() ([]gotenberg.Metric, error) {
 	return []gotenberg.Metric{
@@ -536,6 +556,7 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner     = (*Api)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator       = (*Api)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.App             = (*Api)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable      = (*Api)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.MetricsProvider = (*Api)(nil)
 	_ api.HealthChecker         = (*Api)(nil)
 	_ Uno                       = (*Api)(nil)

pkg/modules/libreoffice/api/api_test.go

@@ -277,6 +277,54 @@ func TestApi_Stop(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPdfTk_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		a           *Api
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version",
+			a: &Api{
+				args: libreOfficeArguments{
+					binPath: "foo",
+				},
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			a: &Api{
+				args: libreOfficeArguments{
+					binPath: "echo",
+				},
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "echo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.a.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestApi_Metrics(t *testing.T) {
 	a := new(Api)
 	a.supervisor = &gotenberg.ProcessSupervisorMock{

pkg/modules/libreoffice/api/libreoffice.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ type libreOfficeProcess struct {
 func newLibreOfficeProcess(arguments libreOfficeArguments) libreOffice {
 	p := &libreOfficeProcess{
 		arguments: arguments,
-		fs:        gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+		fs:        gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 	}
 	p.isStarted.Store(false)
 
@@ -190,22 +190,23 @@ func (p *libreOfficeProcess) Stop(logger *zap.Logger) error {
 
 	// Always remove the user profile directory created by LibreOffice.
 	copyUserProfileDirPath := p.userProfileDirPath
-	defer func(userProfileDirPath string) {
+	expirationTime := time.Now()
+	defer func(userProfileDirPath string, expirationTime time.Time) {
 		go func() {
 			err := os.RemoveAll(userProfileDirPath)
 			if err != nil {
 				logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("remove LibreOffice's user profile directory: %v", err))
+			} else {
+				logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%s' LibreOffice's user profile directory removed", userProfileDirPath))
 			}
 
-			logger.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%s' LibreOffice's user profile directory removed", userProfileDirPath))
-
 			// Also remove LibreOffice specific files in the temporary directory.
-			err = gotenberg.GarbageCollect(logger, os.TempDir(), []string{"OSL_PIPE", ".tmp"})
+			err = gotenberg.GarbageCollect(logger, os.TempDir(), []string{"OSL_PIPE", ".tmp"}, expirationTime)
 			if err != nil {
 				logger.Error(err.Error())
 			}
 		}()
-	}(copyUserProfileDirPath)
+	}(copyUserProfileDirPath, expirationTime)
 
 	p.cfgMu.Lock()
 	defer p.cfgMu.Unlock()
@@ -365,13 +366,6 @@ func (p *libreOfficeProcess) pdf(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputP
 		return ErrRuntimeException
 	}
 
-	// Possible errors:
-	// 1. LibreOffice failed for some reason.
-	// 2. Context done.
-	//
-	// On the second scenario, LibreOffice might not have time to remove some
-	// of its temporary files, as it has been killed without warning. The
-	// garbage collector will delete them for us (if the module is loaded).
 	return fmt.Errorf("convert to PDF: %w", err)
 }
 

pkg/modules/libreoffice/api/libreoffice_test.go

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				p.isStarted.Store(false)
 				return p
 			}(),
-			fs:           gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:           gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			cancelledCtx: false,
 			start:        false,
 			expectError:  true,
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				p.isStarted.Store(true)
 				return p
 			}(),
-			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(),
+			fs:            gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll)),
 			options:       Options{PdfFormats: gotenberg.PdfFormats{PdfA: "foo"}},
 			cancelledCtx:  false,
 			start:         false,
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 			),
 			options: Options{PageRanges: "foo"},
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 			),
 			options: Options{Password: "foo"},
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ func TestLibreOfficeProcess_pdf(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			),
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ func TestNonBasicLatinCharactersGuard(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			scenario: "basic latin characters",
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ func TestNonBasicLatinCharactersGuard(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			scenario: "non-basic latin characters",
 			fs: func() *gotenberg.FileSystem {
-				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 
 				err := os.MkdirAll(fs.WorkingDirPath(), 0o755)
 				if err != nil {

pkg/modules/libreoffice/pdfengine/pdfengine.go

@@ -51,6 +51,16 @@ func (engine *LibreOfficePdfEngine) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logge
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with LibreOffice: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
 }
 
+// Split is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *LibreOfficePdfEngine) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDF with LibreOffice: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
+// Flatten is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *LibreOfficePdfEngine) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("Flatten PDF with LibreOffice: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
 // Convert converts the given PDF to a specific PDF format. Currently, only the
 // PDF/A-1b, PDF/A-2b, PDF/A-3b and PDF/UA formats are available. If another
 // PDF format is requested, it returns a [gotenberg.ErrPdfFormatNotSupported]

pkg/modules/libreoffice/pdfengine/pdfengine_test.go

@@ -118,11 +118,30 @@ func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := new(LibreOfficePdfEngine)
+	_, err := engine.Split(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.SplitMode{}, "", "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := new(LibreOfficePdfEngine)
+	err := engine.Flatten(context.Background(), zap.NewNop(), "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		scenario    string
-		api         api.Uno
-		expectError bool
+		scenario      string
+		api           api.Uno
+		expectError   bool
+		expectedError error
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario: "convert success",
@@ -134,13 +153,14 @@ func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 			expectError: false,
 		},
 		{
-			scenario: "invalid PDF format",
+			scenario: "ErrInvalidPdfFormats",
 			api: &api.ApiMock{
 				PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath, outputPath string, options api.Options) error {
 					return api.ErrInvalidPdfFormats
 				},
 			},
-			expectError: true,
+			expectError:   true,
+			expectedError: gotenberg.ErrPdfFormatNotSupported,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "convert fail",
@@ -163,6 +183,10 @@ func TestLibreOfficePdfEngine_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
 				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
 			}
+
+			if tc.expectedError != nil && !errors.Is(err, tc.expectedError) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error %v but got: %v", tc.expectedError, err)
+			}
 		})
 	}
 }

pkg/modules/libreoffice/routes.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/gotenberg"
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/api"
 	libreofficeapi "github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/libreoffice/api"
+	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/pdfengines"
 )
 
 // convertRoute returns an [api.Route] which can convert LibreOffice documents
@@ -26,7 +27,13 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 			defaultOptions := libreofficeapi.DefaultOptions()
 
-			// Let's get the data from the form and validate them.
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+			splitMode := pdfengines.FormDataPdfSplitMode(form, false)
+			pdfFormats := pdfengines.FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := pdfengines.FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
+
+			zeroValuedSplitMode := gotenberg.SplitMode{}
+
 			var (
 				inputPaths                      []string
 				password                        string
@@ -51,14 +58,12 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 				quality                         int
 				reduceImageResolution           bool
 				maxImageResolution              int
-				pdfa                            string
-				pdfua                           bool
 				nativePdfFormats                bool
 				merge                           bool
-				metadata                        map[string]interface{}
+				flatten                         bool
 			)
 
-			err := ctx.FormData().
+			err := form.
 				MandatoryPaths(libreOffice.Extensions(), &inputPaths).
 				String("password", &password, defaultOptions.Password).
 				Bool("landscape", &landscape, defaultOptions.Landscape).
@@ -120,8 +125,6 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 					maxImageResolution = intValue
 					return nil
 				}).
-				String("pdfa", &pdfa, "").
-				Bool("pdfua", &pdfua, false).
 				Bool("nativePdfFormats", &nativePdfFormats, true).
 				Bool("merge", &merge, false).
 				Custom("metadata", func(value string) error {
@@ -133,17 +136,12 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 					}
 					return nil
 				}).
+				Bool("flatten", &flatten, false).
 				Validate()
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			pdfFormats := gotenberg.PdfFormats{
-				PdfA:  pdfa,
-				PdfUa: pdfua,
-			}
-
-			// Alright, let's convert each document to PDF.
 			outputPaths := make([]string, len(inputPaths))
 			for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
 				outputPaths[i] = ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
@@ -172,7 +170,9 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 					MaxImageResolution:              maxImageResolution,
 				}
 
-				if nativePdfFormats {
+				if nativePdfFormats && splitMode == zeroValuedSplitMode {
+					// Only apply natively given PDF formats if we're not
+					// splitting the PDF later.
 					options.PdfFormats = pdfFormats
 				}
 
@@ -206,11 +206,8 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 				}
 			}
 
-			// So far so good, let's check if we have to merge the PDFs.
-			if len(outputPaths) > 1 && merge {
-				outputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
-
-				err = engine.Merge(ctx, ctx.Log(), outputPaths, outputPath)
+			if merge {
+				outputPath, err := pdfengines.MergeStub(ctx, engine, outputPaths)
 				if err != nil {
 					return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs: %w", err)
 				}
@@ -219,37 +216,61 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 				outputPaths = []string{outputPath}
 			}
 
-			// Let's check if the client want to convert each PDF to a specific
-			// PDF format.
-			zeroValued := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
-			if !nativePdfFormats && pdfFormats != zeroValued {
-				convertOutputPaths := make([]string, len(outputPaths))
+			if splitMode != zeroValuedSplitMode {
+				if !merge {
+					// document.docx -> document.docx.pdf, so that split naming
+					// document.docx_0.pdf, etc.
+					for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
+						outputPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.pdf", inputPath)
 
-				for i, outputPath := range outputPaths {
-					convertInputPath := outputPath
-					convertOutputPaths[i] = ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
+						err = ctx.Rename(outputPaths[i], outputPath)
+						if err != nil {
+							return fmt.Errorf("rename output path: %w", err)
+						}
 
-					err = engine.Convert(ctx, ctx.Log(), pdfFormats, convertInputPath, convertOutputPaths[i])
-					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF: %w", err)
+						outputPaths[i] = outputPath
 					}
 				}
 
-				// Important: the output paths are now the converted files.
-				outputPaths = convertOutputPaths
-			}
-
-			// Writes and potentially overrides metadata entries, if any.
-			if len(metadata) > 0 {
-				for _, outputPath := range outputPaths {
-					err = engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), metadata, outputPath)
-					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
-					}
+				outputPaths, err = pdfengines.SplitPdfStub(ctx, engine, splitMode, outputPaths)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("split PDFs: %w", err)
 				}
 			}
 
-			if len(outputPaths) > 1 {
+			if !nativePdfFormats || (nativePdfFormats && splitMode != zeroValuedSplitMode) {
+				convertOutputPaths, err := pdfengines.ConvertStub(ctx, engine, pdfFormats, outputPaths)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("convert PDFs: %w", err)
+				}
+
+				if splitMode != zeroValuedSplitMode {
+					// The PDF has been split and split parts have been converted to
+					// specific formats. We want to keep the split naming.
+					for i, convertOutputPath := range convertOutputPaths {
+						err = ctx.Rename(convertOutputPath, outputPaths[i])
+						if err != nil {
+							return fmt.Errorf("rename output path: %w", err)
+						}
+					}
+				} else {
+					outputPaths = convertOutputPaths
+				}
+			}
+
+			err = pdfengines.WriteMetadataStub(ctx, engine, metadata, outputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			if flatten {
+				err = pdfengines.FlattenStub(ctx, engine, outputPaths)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDFs: %w", err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if len(outputPaths) > 1 && splitMode == zeroValuedSplitMode {
 				// If .zip archive, document.docx -> document.docx.pdf.
 				for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
 					outputPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.pdf", inputPath)
@@ -263,8 +284,6 @@ func convertRoute(libreOffice libreofficeapi.Uno, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) ap
 				}
 			}
 
-			// Last but not least, add the output paths to the context so that
-			// the API is able to send them as a response to the client.
 			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPaths...)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)

pkg/modules/libreoffice/routes_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ package libreoffice
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -300,6 +303,40 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 			expectHttpError:        false,
 			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
 		},
+		{
+			scenario: "PDF engine split error",
+			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
+				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
+				ctx.SetFiles(map[string]string{
+					"document.docx": "/document.docx",
+				})
+				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
+					"splitMode": {
+						gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals,
+					},
+					"splitSpan": {
+						"1",
+					},
+				})
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			libreOffice: &libreofficeapi.ApiMock{
+				PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath, outputPath string, options libreofficeapi.Options) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				ExtensionsMock: func() []string {
+					return []string{".docx"}
+				},
+			},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+					return nil, errors.New("foo")
+				},
+			},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
 		{
 			scenario: "PDF engine convert error",
 			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
@@ -366,17 +403,18 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
 		},
 		{
-			scenario: "cannot rename many files",
+			scenario: "PDF engine flatten error",
 			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
 				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
 				ctx.SetFiles(map[string]string{
-					"document.docx":  "/document.docx",
-					"document2.docx": "/document2.docx",
-					"document2.doc":  "/document2.doc",
+					"document.docx": "/document.docx",
 				})
-				ctx.SetPathRename(&gotenberg.PathRenameMock{RenameMock: func(oldpath, newpath string) error {
-					return errors.New("cannot rename")
-				}})
+				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
+					"flatten": {
+						"true",
+					},
+				})
+				ctx.SetCancelled(true)
 				return ctx
 			}(),
 			libreOffice: &libreofficeapi.ApiMock{
@@ -384,7 +422,12 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 					return nil
 				},
 				ExtensionsMock: func() []string {
-					return []string{".docx", ".doc"}
+					return []string{".docx"}
+				},
+			},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+					return errors.New("foo")
 				},
 			},
 			expectError:            true,
@@ -443,6 +486,9 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 					"metadata": {
 						"{\"Creator\": \"foo\", \"Producer\": \"bar\" }",
 					},
+					"flatten": {
+						"true",
+					},
 				})
 				return ctx
 			}(),
@@ -464,6 +510,9 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 				WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 					return nil
 				},
+				FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
 			},
 			expectError:            false,
 			expectHttpError:        false,
@@ -491,6 +540,9 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 					"metadata": {
 						"{\"Creator\": \"foo\", \"Producer\": \"bar\" }",
 					},
+					"flatten": {
+						"true",
+					},
 				})
 				ctx.SetPathRename(&gotenberg.PathRenameMock{RenameMock: func(oldpath, newpath string) error {
 					return nil
@@ -515,6 +567,9 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 				WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 					return nil
 				},
+				FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
 			},
 			expectError:            false,
 			expectHttpError:        false,
@@ -550,9 +605,173 @@ func TestConvertRoute(t *testing.T) {
 			expectHttpError:        false,
 			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
 		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success with split (many files)",
+			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
+				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
+				ctx.SetFiles(map[string]string{
+					"document.docx":  "/document.docx",
+					"document2.docx": "/document2.docx",
+				})
+				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
+					"splitMode": {
+						gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals,
+					},
+					"splitSpan": {
+						"1",
+					},
+				})
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			libreOffice: &libreofficeapi.ApiMock{
+				PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath, outputPath string, options libreofficeapi.Options) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				ExtensionsMock: func() []string {
+					return []string{".docx"}
+				},
+			},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+					inputPathNoExt := inputPath[:len(inputPath)-len(filepath.Ext(inputPath))]
+					filenameNoExt := filepath.Base(inputPathNoExt)
+					return []string{
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 0,
+						),
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 1,
+						),
+					}, nil
+				},
+			},
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 4,
+			expectOutputPaths:      []string{"/document_docx/document.docx_0.pdf", "/document_docx/document.docx_1.pdf", "/document2_docx/document2.docx_0.pdf", "/document2_docx/document2.docx_1.pdf"},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success with merge and split",
+			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
+				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
+				ctx.SetFiles(map[string]string{
+					"document.docx":  "/document.docx",
+					"document2.docx": "/document2.docx",
+				})
+				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
+					"merge": {
+						"true",
+					},
+					"splitMode": {
+						gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals,
+					},
+					"splitSpan": {
+						"1",
+					},
+				})
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			libreOffice: &libreofficeapi.ApiMock{
+				PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath, outputPath string, options libreofficeapi.Options) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				ExtensionsMock: func() []string {
+					return []string{".docx"}
+				},
+			},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+					inputPathNoExt := inputPath[:len(inputPath)-len(filepath.Ext(inputPath))]
+					filenameNoExt := filepath.Base(inputPathNoExt)
+					return []string{
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 0,
+						),
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 1,
+						),
+					}, nil
+				},
+			},
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success with split and native PDF/A & PDF/UA (many files)",
+			ctx: func() *api.ContextMock {
+				ctx := &api.ContextMock{Context: new(api.Context)}
+				ctx.SetFiles(map[string]string{
+					"document.docx":  "/document.docx",
+					"document2.docx": "/document2.docx",
+				})
+				ctx.SetValues(map[string][]string{
+					"splitMode": {
+						gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals,
+					},
+					"splitSpan": {
+						"1",
+					},
+					"pdfa": {
+						gotenberg.PdfA1b,
+					},
+					"pdfua": {
+						"true",
+					},
+				})
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			libreOffice: &libreofficeapi.ApiMock{
+				PdfMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath, outputPath string, options libreofficeapi.Options) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+				ExtensionsMock: func() []string {
+					return []string{".docx"}
+				},
+			},
+			engine: &gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+				SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+					inputPathNoExt := inputPath[:len(inputPath)-len(filepath.Ext(inputPath))]
+					filenameNoExt := filepath.Base(inputPathNoExt)
+					return []string{
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 0,
+						),
+						fmt.Sprintf(
+							"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+							outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, 1,
+						),
+					}, nil
+				},
+				ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+			},
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectHttpError:        false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 4,
+			expectOutputPaths:      []string{"/document_docx/document.docx_0.pdf", "/document_docx/document.docx_1.pdf", "/document2_docx/document2.docx_0.pdf", "/document2_docx/document2.docx_1.pdf"},
+		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
 			tc.ctx.SetLogger(zap.NewNop())
+			tc.ctx.SetMkdirAll(&gotenberg.MkdirAllMock{MkdirAllMock: func(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+				return nil
+			}})
+			tc.ctx.SetPathRename(&gotenberg.PathRenameMock{RenameMock: func(oldpath, newpath string) error {
+				return nil
+			}})
 			c := echo.New().NewContext(nil, nil)
 			c.Set("context", tc.ctx.Context)
 

pkg/modules/pdfcpu/doc.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // interface using the pdfcpu command-line tool. This package allows for:
 //
 // 1. The merging of PDF files.
+// 2. The splitting of PDF files.
 //
 // See: https://github.com/pdfcpu/pdfcpu.
 package pdfcpu

pkg/modules/pdfcpu/pdfcpu.go

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
@@ -51,6 +55,32 @@ func (engine *PdfCpu) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (engine *PdfCpu) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(engine.binPath, "version") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	debug["version"] = "Unable to determine pdfcpu version"
+
+	lines := strings.Split(string(output), "\n")
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "pdfcpu:") {
+			debug["version"] = strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "pdfcpu:"))
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return debug
+}
+
 // Merge combines multiple PDFs into a single PDF.
 func (engine *PdfCpu) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 	var args []string
@@ -70,6 +100,47 @@ func (engine *PdfCpu) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with pdfcpu: %w", err)
 }
 
+// Split splits a given PDF file.
+func (engine *PdfCpu) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	var args []string
+
+	switch mode.Mode {
+	case gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals:
+		args = append(args, "split", "-mode", "span", inputPath, outputDirPath, mode.Span)
+	case gotenberg.SplitModePages:
+		if mode.Unify {
+			outputPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", outputDirPath, filepath.Base(inputPath))
+			args = append(args, "trim", "-pages", mode.Span, inputPath, outputPath)
+			break
+		}
+		args = append(args, "extract", "-mode", "page", "-pages", mode.Span, inputPath, outputDirPath)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs using mode '%s' with pdfcpu: %w", mode.Mode, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported)
+	}
+
+	cmd, err := gotenberg.CommandContext(ctx, logger, engine.binPath, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = cmd.Exec()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs with pdfcpu: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	outputPaths, err := gotenberg.WalkDir(outputDirPath, ".pdf")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("walk directory to find resulting PDFs from split with pdfcpu: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return outputPaths, nil
+}
+
+// Flatten is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *PdfCpu) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDF with pdfcpu: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
 // Convert is not available in this implementation.
 func (engine *PdfCpu) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF to '%+v' with pdfcpu: %w", formats, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
@@ -90,5 +161,6 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Module      = (*PdfCpu)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner = (*PdfCpu)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator   = (*PdfCpu)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable  = (*PdfCpu)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.PdfEngine   = (*PdfCpu)(nil)
 )

pkg/modules/pdfcpu/pdfcpu_test.go

@@ -71,6 +71,59 @@ func TestPdfCpu_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPdfCpu_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *PdfCpu
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version (command error)",
+			engine: &PdfCpu{
+				binPath: "foo",
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version (no pdfcpu)",
+			engine: &PdfCpu{
+				binPath: "echo",
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": "Unable to determine pdfcpu version",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			engine: &PdfCpu{
+				binPath: "pdfcpu",
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": "Unable to determine pdfcpu version",
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.engine.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPdfCpu_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		scenario    string
@@ -116,7 +169,7 @@ func TestPdfCpu_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
 			}
 
-			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
@@ -142,6 +195,112 @@ func TestPdfCpu_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPdfCpu_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario               string
+		ctx                    context.Context
+		mode                   gotenberg.SplitMode
+		inputPath              string
+		expectError            bool
+		expectedError          error
+		expectOutputPathsCount int
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario:               "ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectedError:          gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid context",
+			ctx:                    nil,
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals, Span: "1"},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid input path",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals, Span: "1"},
+			inputPath:              "",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "success (intervals)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals, Span: "1"},
+			inputPath:              "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 3,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "success (pages)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1"},
+			inputPath:              "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "success (pages & unify)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			inputPath:              "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			engine := new(PdfCpu)
+			err := engine.Provision(nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
+			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			defer func() {
+				err = os.RemoveAll(fs.WorkingDirPath())
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+				}
+			}()
+
+			outputPaths, err := engine.Split(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), tc.mode, tc.inputPath, outputDir)
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectedError != nil && !errors.Is(err, tc.expectedError) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error %v but got: %v", tc.expectedError, err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectOutputPathsCount != len(outputPaths) {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d output paths but got %d", tc.expectOutputPathsCount, len(outputPaths))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPdfCpu_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	mod := new(PdfCpu)
+	err := mod.Flatten(context.TODO(), zap.NewNop(), "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPdfCpu_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	mod := new(PdfCpu)
 	err := mod.Convert(context.TODO(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.PdfFormats{}, "", "")

pkg/modules/pdfengines/multi.go

@@ -12,23 +12,29 @@ import (
 )
 
 type multiPdfEngines struct {
-	mergeEngines       []gotenberg.PdfEngine
-	convertEngines     []gotenberg.PdfEngine
-	readMedataEngines  []gotenberg.PdfEngine
-	writeMedataEngines []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	mergeEngines         []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	splitEngines         []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	flattenEngines       []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	convertEngines       []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	readMetadataEngines  []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	writeMetadataEngines []gotenberg.PdfEngine
 }
 
 func newMultiPdfEngines(
 	mergeEngines,
+	splitEngines,
+	flattenEngines,
 	convertEngines,
 	readMetadataEngines,
-	writeMedataEngines []gotenberg.PdfEngine,
+	writeMetadataEngines []gotenberg.PdfEngine,
 ) *multiPdfEngines {
 	return &multiPdfEngines{
-		mergeEngines:       mergeEngines,
-		convertEngines:     convertEngines,
-		readMedataEngines:  readMetadataEngines,
-		writeMedataEngines: writeMedataEngines,
+		mergeEngines:         mergeEngines,
+		splitEngines:         splitEngines,
+		flattenEngines:       flattenEngines,
+		convertEngines:       convertEngines,
+		readMetadataEngines:  readMetadataEngines,
+		writeMetadataEngines: writeMetadataEngines,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -57,6 +63,69 @@ func (multi *multiPdfEngines) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inp
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with multi PDF engines: %w", err)
 }
 
+type splitResult struct {
+	outputPaths []string
+	err         error
+}
+
+// Split tries to split at intervals a given PDF thanks to its children. If the
+// context is done, it stops and returns an error.
+func (multi *multiPdfEngines) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	var err error
+	var mu sync.Mutex // to safely append errors.
+
+	resultChan := make(chan splitResult, len(multi.splitEngines))
+
+	for _, engine := range multi.splitEngines {
+		go func(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) {
+			outputPaths, err := engine.Split(ctx, logger, mode, inputPath, outputDirPath)
+			resultChan <- splitResult{outputPaths: outputPaths, err: err}
+		}(engine)
+	}
+
+	for range multi.splitEngines {
+		select {
+		case result := <-resultChan:
+			if result.err != nil {
+				mu.Lock()
+				err = multierr.Append(err, result.err)
+				mu.Unlock()
+			} else {
+				return result.outputPaths, nil
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDF with multi PDF engines: %w", err)
+}
+
+// Flatten merges existing annotation appearances with page content, thanks to
+// its children. If the context is done, it stops and returns an error
+func (multi *multiPdfEngines) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	var err error
+	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
+
+	for _, engine := range multi.flattenEngines {
+		go func(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) {
+			errChan <- engine.Flatten(ctx, logger, inputPath)
+		}(engine)
+
+		select {
+		case mergeErr := <-errChan:
+			errored := multierr.AppendInto(&err, mergeErr)
+			if !errored {
+				return nil
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDF with multi PDF engines: %w", err)
+}
+
 // Convert converts the given PDF to a specific PDF format. thanks to its
 // children. If the context is done, it stops and returns an error.
 func (multi *multiPdfEngines) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
@@ -91,16 +160,16 @@ func (multi *multiPdfEngines) ReadMetadata(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logg
 	var err error
 	var mu sync.Mutex // to safely append errors.
 
-	resultChan := make(chan readMetadataResult, len(multi.readMedataEngines))
+	resultChan := make(chan readMetadataResult, len(multi.readMetadataEngines))
 
-	for _, engine := range multi.readMedataEngines {
+	for _, engine := range multi.readMetadataEngines {
 		go func(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) {
 			metadata, err := engine.ReadMetadata(ctx, logger, inputPath)
 			resultChan <- readMetadataResult{metadata: metadata, err: err}
 		}(engine)
 	}
 
-	for range multi.readMedataEngines {
+	for range multi.readMetadataEngines {
 		select {
 		case result := <-resultChan:
 			if result.err != nil {
@@ -122,7 +191,7 @@ func (multi *multiPdfEngines) WriteMetadata(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Log
 	var err error
 	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
 
-	for _, engine := range multi.writeMedataEngines {
+	for _, engine := range multi.writeMetadataEngines {
 		go func(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) {
 			errChan <- engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, logger, metadata, inputPath)
 		}(engine)

pkg/modules/pdfengines/multi_test.go

@@ -19,25 +19,22 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario: "nominal behavior",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				mergeEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: false,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				mergeEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -49,17 +46,14 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: false,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "all engines return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				mergeEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -71,27 +65,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: true,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "context expired",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				mergeEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						MergeMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: func() context.Context {
 				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 				cancel()
@@ -115,6 +103,188 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestMultiPdfEngines_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *multiPdfEngines
+		ctx         context.Context
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "nominal behavior",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				splitEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: context.Background(),
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				splitEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: context.Background(),
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "all engines return an error",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				splitEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx:         context.Background(),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "context expired",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				splitEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						SplitMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+							return nil, nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: func() context.Context {
+				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+				cancel()
+
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := tc.engine.Split(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.SplitMode{}, "", "")
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultiPdfEngines_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *multiPdfEngines
+		ctx         context.Context
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "nominal behavior",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				flattenEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: context.Background(),
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				flattenEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: context.Background(),
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "all engines return an error",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				flattenEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return errors.New("foo")
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx:         context.Background(),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "context expired",
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				flattenEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
+						FlattenMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+							return nil
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			ctx: func() context.Context {
+				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+				cancel()
+
+				return ctx
+			}(),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tc.engine.Flatten(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), "")
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestMultiPdfEngines_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		scenario    string
@@ -124,25 +294,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario: "nominal behavior",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				convertEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				convertEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -154,16 +320,13 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "all engines return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				convertEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -175,26 +338,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: true,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "context expired",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				convertEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ConvertMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: func() context.Context {
 				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 				cancel()
@@ -227,26 +385,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_ReadMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario: "nominal behavior",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				readMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ReadMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 							return make(map[string]interface{}), nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				readMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ReadMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 							return nil, errors.New("foo")
@@ -258,16 +411,13 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_ReadMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "all engines return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				readMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ReadMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 							return nil, errors.New("foo")
@@ -279,25 +429,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_ReadMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: true,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "context expired",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				readMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						ReadMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
 							return make(map[string]interface{}), nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-				nil,
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: func() context.Context {
 				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 				cancel()
@@ -330,27 +476,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario: "nominal behavior",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				writeMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "at least one engine does not return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				writeMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -362,16 +502,13 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: context.Background(),
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "all engines return an error",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				writeMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 							return errors.New("foo")
@@ -383,24 +520,21 @@ func TestMultiPdfEngines_WriteMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 				},
-			),
+			},
 			ctx:         context.Background(),
 			expectError: true,
 		},
 		{
 			scenario: "context expired",
-			engine: newMultiPdfEngines(
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				nil,
-				[]gotenberg.PdfEngine{
+			engine: &multiPdfEngines{
+				writeMetadataEngines: []gotenberg.PdfEngine{
 					&gotenberg.PdfEngineMock{
 						WriteMetadataMock: func(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPath string) error {
 							return nil
 						},
 					},
 				},
-			),
+			},
 			ctx: func() context.Context {
 				ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 				cancel()

pkg/modules/pdfengines/pdfengines.go

@@ -27,12 +27,14 @@ func init() {
 // the [api.Router] interface to expose relevant PDF processing routes if
 // enabled.
 type PdfEngines struct {
-	mergeNames        []string
-	convertNames      []string
-	readMetadataNames []string
-	writeMedataNames  []string
-	engines           []gotenberg.PdfEngine
-	disableRoutes     bool
+	mergeNames         []string
+	splitNames         []string
+	flattenNames       []string
+	convertNames       []string
+	readMetadataNames  []string
+	writeMetadataNames []string
+	engines            []gotenberg.PdfEngine
+	disableRoutes      bool
 }
 
 // Descriptor returns a PdfEngines' module descriptor.
@@ -42,6 +44,8 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Descriptor() gotenberg.ModuleDescriptor {
 		FlagSet: func() *flag.FlagSet {
 			fs := flag.NewFlagSet("pdfengines", flag.ExitOnError)
 			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-merge-engines", []string{"qpdf", "pdfcpu", "pdftk"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the merge feature - empty means all")
+			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-split-engines", []string{"pdfcpu", "qpdf", "pdftk"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the split feature - empty means all")
+			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-flatten-engines", []string{"qpdf"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the flatten feature - empty means all")
 			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-convert-engines", []string{"libreoffice-pdfengine"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the convert feature - empty means all")
 			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-read-metadata-engines", []string{"exiftool"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the read metadata feature - empty means all")
 			fs.StringSlice("pdfengines-write-metadata-engines", []string{"exiftool"}, "Set the PDF engines and their order for the write metadata feature - empty means all")
@@ -64,6 +68,8 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Descriptor() gotenberg.ModuleDescriptor {
 func (mod *PdfEngines) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 	flags := ctx.ParsedFlags()
 	mergeNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-merge-engines")
+	splitNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-split-engines")
+	flattenNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-flatten-engines")
 	convertNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-convert-engines")
 	readMetadataNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-read-metadata-engines")
 	writeMetadataNames := flags.MustStringSlice("pdfengines-write-metadata-engines")
@@ -98,6 +104,16 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 		mod.mergeNames = mergeNames
 	}
 
+	mod.splitNames = defaultNames
+	if len(splitNames) > 0 {
+		mod.splitNames = splitNames
+	}
+
+	mod.flattenNames = defaultNames
+	if len(flattenNames) > 0 {
+		mod.flattenNames = flattenNames
+	}
+
 	mod.convertNames = defaultNames
 	if len(convertNames) > 0 {
 		mod.convertNames = convertNames
@@ -108,9 +124,9 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 		mod.readMetadataNames = readMetadataNames
 	}
 
-	mod.writeMedataNames = defaultNames
+	mod.writeMetadataNames = defaultNames
 	if len(writeMetadataNames) > 0 {
-		mod.writeMedataNames = writeMetadataNames
+		mod.writeMetadataNames = writeMetadataNames
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -161,9 +177,11 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Validate() error {
 	}
 
 	findNonExistingEngines(mod.mergeNames)
+	findNonExistingEngines(mod.splitNames)
+	findNonExistingEngines(mod.flattenNames)
 	findNonExistingEngines(mod.convertNames)
 	findNonExistingEngines(mod.readMetadataNames)
-	findNonExistingEngines(mod.writeMedataNames)
+	findNonExistingEngines(mod.writeMetadataNames)
 
 	if len(nonExistingEngines) == 0 {
 		return nil
@@ -177,9 +195,11 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Validate() error {
 func (mod *PdfEngines) SystemMessages() []string {
 	return []string{
 		fmt.Sprintf("merge engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.mergeNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("split engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.splitNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("flatten engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.flattenNames[:], " ")),
 		fmt.Sprintf("convert engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.convertNames[:], " ")),
 		fmt.Sprintf("read metadata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.readMetadataNames[:], " ")),
-		fmt.Sprintf("write medata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.writeMedataNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("write metadata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.writeMetadataNames[:], " ")),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -201,9 +221,11 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) PdfEngine() (gotenberg.PdfEngine, error) {
 
 	return newMultiPdfEngines(
 		engines(mod.mergeNames),
+		engines(mod.splitNames),
+		engines(mod.flattenNames),
 		engines(mod.convertNames),
 		engines(mod.readMetadataNames),
-		engines(mod.writeMedataNames),
+		engines(mod.writeMetadataNames),
 	), nil
 }
 
@@ -222,6 +244,8 @@ func (mod *PdfEngines) Routes() ([]api.Route, error) {
 
 	return []api.Route{
 		mergeRoute(engine),
+		splitRoute(engine),
+		flattenRoute(engine),
 		convertRoute(engine),
 		readMetadataRoute(engine),
 		writeMetadataRoute(engine),

pkg/modules/pdfengines/pdfengines_test.go

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 		scenario                        string
 		ctx                             *gotenberg.Context
 		expectedMergePdfEngines         []string
+		expectedSplitPdfEngines         []string
+		expectedFlattenPdfEngines       []string
 		expectedConvertPdfEngines       []string
 		expectedReadMetadataPdfEngines  []string
 		expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines []string
@@ -66,6 +68,8 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				)
 			}(),
 			expectedMergePdfEngines:         []string{"qpdf", "pdfcpu", "pdftk"},
+			expectedSplitPdfEngines:         []string{"pdfcpu", "qpdf", "pdftk"},
+			expectedFlattenPdfEngines:       []string{"qpdf"},
 			expectedConvertPdfEngines:       []string{"libreoffice-pdfengine"},
 			expectedReadMetadataPdfEngines:  []string{"exiftool"},
 			expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines: []string{"exiftool"},
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				fs := new(PdfEngines).Descriptor().FlagSet
-				err := fs.Parse([]string{"--pdfengines-merge-engines=b", "--pdfengines-convert-engines=b", "--pdfengines-read-metadata-engines=a", "--pdfengines-write-metadata-engines=a"})
+				err := fs.Parse([]string{"--pdfengines-merge-engines=b", "--pdfengines-split-engines=a", "--pdfengines-flatten-engines=c", "--pdfengines-convert-engines=b", "--pdfengines-read-metadata-engines=a", "--pdfengines-write-metadata-engines=a"})
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
 				}
@@ -125,6 +129,8 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 			}(),
 
 			expectedMergePdfEngines:         []string{"b"},
+			expectedSplitPdfEngines:         []string{"a"},
+			expectedFlattenPdfEngines:       []string{"c"},
 			expectedConvertPdfEngines:       []string{"b"},
 			expectedReadMetadataPdfEngines:  []string{"a"},
 			expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines: []string{"a"},
@@ -182,6 +188,10 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected %d merge names but got %d", len(tc.expectedMergePdfEngines), len(mod.mergeNames))
 			}
 
+			if len(tc.expectedFlattenPdfEngines) != len(mod.flattenNames) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d flatten names but got %d", len(tc.expectedFlattenPdfEngines), len(mod.flattenNames))
+			}
+
 			if len(tc.expectedConvertPdfEngines) != len(mod.convertNames) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected %d convert names but got %d", len(tc.expectedConvertPdfEngines), len(mod.convertNames))
 			}
@@ -190,8 +200,8 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected %d read metadata names but got %d", len(tc.expectedReadMetadataPdfEngines), len(mod.readMetadataNames))
 			}
 
-			if len(tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines) != len(mod.writeMedataNames) {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %d write metadata names but got %d", len(tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines), len(mod.writeMedataNames))
+			if len(tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines) != len(mod.writeMetadataNames) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d write metadata names but got %d", len(tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines), len(mod.writeMetadataNames))
 			}
 
 			for index, name := range mod.mergeNames {
@@ -200,6 +210,12 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			}
 
+			for index, name := range mod.splitNames {
+				if name != tc.expectedSplitPdfEngines[index] {
+					t.Fatalf("expected split name at index %d to be %s, but got: %s", index, name, tc.expectedSplitPdfEngines[index])
+				}
+			}
+
 			for index, name := range mod.convertNames {
 				if name != tc.expectedConvertPdfEngines[index] {
 					t.Fatalf("expected convert name at index %d to be %s, but got: %s", index, name, tc.expectedConvertPdfEngines[index])
@@ -212,7 +228,7 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Provision(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			}
 
-			for index, name := range mod.writeMedataNames {
+			for index, name := range mod.writeMetadataNames {
 				if name != tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines[index] {
 					t.Fatalf("expected write metadat name at index %d to be %s, but got: %s", index, name, tc.expectedWriteMetadataPdfEngines[index])
 				}
@@ -280,11 +296,11 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
 			mod := PdfEngines{
-				mergeNames:        tc.names,
-				convertNames:      tc.names,
-				readMetadataNames: tc.names,
-				writeMedataNames:  tc.names,
-				engines:           tc.engines,
+				mergeNames:         tc.names,
+				convertNames:       tc.names,
+				readMetadataNames:  tc.names,
+				writeMetadataNames: tc.names,
+				engines:            tc.engines,
 			}
 
 			err := mod.Validate()
@@ -303,20 +319,24 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 func TestPdfEngines_SystemMessages(t *testing.T) {
 	mod := new(PdfEngines)
 	mod.mergeNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
+	mod.splitNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
 	mod.convertNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
 	mod.readMetadataNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
-	mod.writeMedataNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
+	mod.writeMetadataNames = []string{"foo", "bar"}
 
+	expectedMessages := 6
 	messages := mod.SystemMessages()
-	if len(messages) != 4 {
-		t.Errorf("expected one and only one message, but got %d", len(messages))
+	if len(messages) != expectedMessages {
+		t.Errorf("expected %d message(s), but got %d", expectedMessages, len(messages))
 	}
 
 	expect := []string{
 		fmt.Sprintf("merge engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.mergeNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("split engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.splitNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("flatten engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.flattenNames[:], " ")),
 		fmt.Sprintf("convert engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.convertNames[:], " ")),
 		fmt.Sprintf("read metadata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.readMetadataNames[:], " ")),
-		fmt.Sprintf("write medata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.writeMedataNames[:], " ")),
+		fmt.Sprintf("write metadata engines - %s", strings.Join(mod.writeMetadataNames[:], " ")),
 	}
 
 	for i, message := range messages {
@@ -328,10 +348,11 @@ func TestPdfEngines_SystemMessages(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestPdfEngines_PdfEngine(t *testing.T) {
 	mod := PdfEngines{
-		mergeNames:        []string{"foo", "bar"},
-		convertNames:      []string{"foo", "bar"},
-		readMetadataNames: []string{"foo", "bar"},
-		writeMedataNames:  []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		mergeNames:         []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		splitNames:         []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		convertNames:       []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		readMetadataNames:  []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		writeMetadataNames: []string{"foo", "bar"},
 		engines: func() []gotenberg.PdfEngine {
 			engine1 := &struct {
 				gotenberg.ModuleMock
@@ -370,7 +391,7 @@ func TestPdfEngines_Routes(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			scenario:      "routes not disabled",
-			expectRoutes:  4,
+			expectRoutes:  6,
 			disableRoutes: false,
 		},
 		{

pkg/modules/pdfengines/routes.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
 
@@ -13,6 +15,245 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/v8/pkg/modules/api"
 )
 
+// FormDataPdfSplitMode creates a [gotenberg.SplitMode] from the form data.
+func FormDataPdfSplitMode(form *api.FormData, mandatory bool) gotenberg.SplitMode {
+	var (
+		mode  string
+		span  string
+		unify bool
+	)
+
+	splitModeFunc := func(value string) error {
+		if value != "" && value != gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals && value != gotenberg.SplitModePages {
+			return fmt.Errorf("wrong value, expected either '%s' or '%s'", gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals, gotenberg.SplitModePages)
+		}
+		mode = value
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	splitSpanFunc := func(value string) error {
+		value = strings.Join(strings.Fields(value), "")
+
+		if mode == gotenberg.SplitModeIntervals {
+			intValue, err := strconv.Atoi(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if intValue < 1 {
+				return errors.New("value is inferior to 1")
+			}
+		}
+
+		span = value
+
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if mandatory {
+		form.
+			MandatoryCustom("splitMode", func(value string) error {
+				return splitModeFunc(value)
+			}).
+			MandatoryCustom("splitSpan", func(value string) error {
+				return splitSpanFunc(value)
+			})
+	} else {
+		form.
+			Custom("splitMode", func(value string) error {
+				return splitModeFunc(value)
+			}).
+			Custom("splitSpan", func(value string) error {
+				return splitSpanFunc(value)
+			})
+	}
+
+	form.
+		Bool("splitUnify", &unify, false).
+		Custom("splitUnify", func(value string) error {
+			if value != "" && unify && mode != gotenberg.SplitModePages {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unify is not available for split mode '%s'", mode)
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+
+	return gotenberg.SplitMode{
+		Mode:  mode,
+		Span:  span,
+		Unify: unify,
+	}
+}
+
+// FormDataPdfFormats creates [gotenberg.PdfFormats] from the form data.
+// Fallback to default value if the considered key is not present.
+func FormDataPdfFormats(form *api.FormData) gotenberg.PdfFormats {
+	var (
+		pdfa  string
+		pdfua bool
+	)
+
+	form.
+		String("pdfa", &pdfa, "").
+		Bool("pdfua", &pdfua, false)
+
+	return gotenberg.PdfFormats{
+		PdfA:  pdfa,
+		PdfUa: pdfua,
+	}
+}
+
+// FormDataPdfMetadata creates metadata object from the form data.
+func FormDataPdfMetadata(form *api.FormData, mandatory bool) map[string]interface{} {
+	var metadata map[string]interface{}
+
+	metadataFunc := func(value string) error {
+		if len(value) > 0 {
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value), &metadata)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal metadata: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if mandatory {
+		form.MandatoryCustom("metadata", func(value string) error {
+			return metadataFunc(value)
+		})
+	} else {
+		form.Custom("metadata", func(value string) error {
+			return metadataFunc(value)
+		})
+	}
+
+	return metadata
+}
+
+// MergeStub merges given PDFs. If only one input PDF, it does nothing and
+// returns the corresponding input path.
+func MergeStub(ctx *api.Context, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, inputPaths []string) (string, error) {
+	if len(inputPaths) == 0 {
+		return "", errors.New("no input paths")
+	}
+
+	if len(inputPaths) == 1 {
+		return inputPaths[0], nil
+	}
+
+	outputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
+	err := engine.Merge(ctx, ctx.Log(), inputPaths, outputPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("merge %d PDFs: %w", len(inputPaths), err)
+	}
+
+	return outputPath, nil
+}
+
+// SplitPdfStub splits a list of PDF files based on [gotenberg.SplitMode].
+// It returns a list of output paths or the list of provided input paths if no
+// split requested.
+func SplitPdfStub(ctx *api.Context, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPaths []string) ([]string, error) {
+	zeroValued := gotenberg.SplitMode{}
+	if mode == zeroValued {
+		return inputPaths, nil
+	}
+
+	var outputPaths []string
+	for _, inputPath := range inputPaths {
+		inputPathNoExt := inputPath[:len(inputPath)-len(filepath.Ext(inputPath))]
+		filenameNoExt := filepath.Base(inputPathNoExt)
+		outputDirPath, err := ctx.CreateSubDirectory(strings.ReplaceAll(filepath.Base(filenameNoExt), ".", "_"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create subdirectory from input path: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		paths, err := engine.Split(ctx, ctx.Log(), mode, inputPath, outputDirPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDF '%s': %w", inputPath, err)
+		}
+
+		// Keep the original filename.
+		for i, path := range paths {
+			var newPath string
+			if mode.Unify && mode.Mode == gotenberg.SplitModePages {
+				newPath = fmt.Sprintf(
+					"%s/%s.pdf",
+					outputDirPath, filenameNoExt,
+				)
+			} else {
+				newPath = fmt.Sprintf(
+					"%s/%s_%d.pdf",
+					outputDirPath, filenameNoExt, i,
+				)
+			}
+
+			err = ctx.Rename(path, newPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("rename path: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			outputPaths = append(outputPaths, newPath)
+
+			if mode.Unify && mode.Mode == gotenberg.SplitModePages {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return outputPaths, nil
+}
+
+// FlattenStub merges annotation appearances with page content for each given
+// PDF, effectively deleting the original annotations.
+func FlattenStub(ctx *api.Context, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, inputPaths []string) error {
+	for _, inputPath := range inputPaths {
+		err := engine.Flatten(ctx, ctx.Log(), inputPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("flatten '%s': %w", inputPath, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ConvertStub transforms a given PDF to the specified formats defined in
+// [gotenberg.PdfFormats]. If no format, it does nothing and returns the input
+// paths.
+func ConvertStub(ctx *api.Context, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPaths []string) ([]string, error) {
+	zeroValued := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
+	if formats == zeroValued {
+		return inputPaths, nil
+	}
+
+	outputPaths := make([]string, len(inputPaths))
+	for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
+		outputPaths[i] = ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
+
+		err := engine.Convert(ctx, ctx.Log(), formats, inputPath, outputPaths[i])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert '%s': %w", inputPath, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return outputPaths, nil
+}
+
+// WriteMetadataStub writes the metadata into PDF files. If no metadata, it
+// does nothing.
+func WriteMetadataStub(ctx *api.Context, engine gotenberg.PdfEngine, metadata map[string]interface{}, inputPaths []string) error {
+	if len(metadata) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	for _, inputPath := range inputPaths {
+		err := engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), metadata, inputPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write metadata into '%s': %w", inputPath, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // mergeRoute returns an [api.Route] which can merge PDFs.
 func mergeRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 	return api.Route{
@@ -22,75 +263,148 @@ func mergeRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 
-			// Let's get the data from the form and validate them.
-			var (
-				inputPaths []string
-				pdfa       string
-				pdfua      bool
-				metadata   map[string]interface{}
-			)
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+			pdfFormats := FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
 
-			err := ctx.FormData().
+			var inputPaths []string
+			var flatten bool
+			err := form.
 				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
-				String("pdfa", &pdfa, "").
-				Bool("pdfua", &pdfua, false).
-				Custom("metadata", func(value string) error {
-					if len(value) > 0 {
-						err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value), &metadata)
-						if err != nil {
-							return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal metadata: %w", err)
-						}
-					}
-					return nil
-				}).
+				Bool("flatten", &flatten, false).
 				Validate()
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			pdfFormats := gotenberg.PdfFormats{
-				PdfA:  pdfa,
-				PdfUa: pdfua,
-			}
-
-			// Alright, let's merge the PDFs.
 			outputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
-
 			err = engine.Merge(ctx, ctx.Log(), inputPaths, outputPath)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			// So far so good, the PDFs are merged into one unique PDF.
-			// Now, let's check if the client want to convert this result PDF
-			// to specific PDF formats.
-			zeroValued := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
-			if pdfFormats != zeroValued {
-				convertInputPath := outputPath
-				convertOutputPath := ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
-
-				err = engine.Convert(ctx, ctx.Log(), pdfFormats, convertInputPath, convertOutputPath)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF: %w", err)
-				}
-
-				// Important: the output path is now the converted file.
-				outputPath = convertOutputPath
-			}
-
-			// Writes and potentially overrides metadata entries, if any.
-			if len(metadata) > 0 {
-				err = engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), metadata, outputPath)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
-				}
-			}
-
-			// Last but not least, add the output path to the context so that
-			// the API is able to send it as a response to the client.
-			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPath)
+			outputPaths, err := ConvertStub(ctx, engine, pdfFormats, []string{outputPath})
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("add output path: %w", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			err = WriteMetadataStub(ctx, engine, metadata, outputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			if flatten {
+				err = FlattenStub(ctx, engine, outputPaths)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDFs: %w", err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPaths...)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// splitRoute returns an [api.Route] which can extract pages from a PDF.
+func splitRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
+	return api.Route{
+		Method:      http.MethodPost,
+		Path:        "/forms/pdfengines/split",
+		IsMultipart: true,
+		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
+			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
+
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+			mode := FormDataPdfSplitMode(form, true)
+			pdfFormats := FormDataPdfFormats(form)
+			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form, false)
+
+			var inputPaths []string
+			var flatten bool
+			err := form.
+				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
+				Bool("flatten", &flatten, false).
+				Validate()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			outputPaths, err := SplitPdfStub(ctx, engine, mode, inputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("split PDFs: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			convertOutputPaths, err := ConvertStub(ctx, engine, pdfFormats, outputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("convert PDFs: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			err = WriteMetadataStub(ctx, engine, metadata, convertOutputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			if flatten {
+				err = FlattenStub(ctx, engine, convertOutputPaths)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDFs: %w", err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			zeroValuedSplitMode := gotenberg.SplitMode{}
+			zeroValuedPdfFormats := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
+			if mode != zeroValuedSplitMode && pdfFormats != zeroValuedPdfFormats {
+				// Rename the files to keep the split naming.
+				for i, convertOutputPath := range convertOutputPaths {
+					err = ctx.Rename(convertOutputPath, outputPaths[i])
+					if err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("rename output path: %w", err)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPaths...)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// flattenRoute returns an [api.Route] which can flatten PDFs.
+func flattenRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
+	return api.Route{
+		Method:      http.MethodPost,
+		Path:        "/forms/pdfengines/flatten",
+		IsMultipart: true,
+		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
+			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
+
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+
+			var inputPaths []string
+			err := form.
+				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
+				Validate()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			err = FlattenStub(ctx, engine, inputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDFs: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(inputPaths...)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)
 			}
 
 			return nil
@@ -108,27 +422,17 @@ func convertRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 
-			// Let's get the data from the form and validate them.
-			var (
-				inputPaths []string
-				pdfa       string
-				pdfua      bool
-			)
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+			pdfFormats := FormDataPdfFormats(form)
 
-			err := ctx.FormData().
+			var inputPaths []string
+			err := form.
 				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
-				String("pdfa", &pdfa, "").
-				Bool("pdfua", &pdfua, false).
 				Validate()
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			pdfFormats := gotenberg.PdfFormats{
-				PdfA:  pdfa,
-				PdfUa: pdfua,
-			}
-
 			zeroValued := gotenberg.PdfFormats{}
 			if pdfFormats == zeroValued {
 				return api.WrapError(
@@ -140,18 +444,14 @@ func convertRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 				)
 			}
 
-			// Alright, let's convert the PDFs.
-			outputPaths := make([]string, len(inputPaths))
-			for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
-				outputPaths[i] = ctx.GeneratePath(".pdf")
+			outputPaths, err := ConvertStub(ctx, engine, pdfFormats, inputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("convert PDFs: %w", err)
+			}
 
-				err = engine.Convert(ctx, ctx.Log(), pdfFormats, inputPath, outputPaths[i])
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF: %w", err)
-				}
-
-				if len(outputPaths) > 1 {
-					// If .zip archive, keep the original filename.
+			if len(outputPaths) > 1 {
+				// If .zip archive, keep the original filename.
+				for i, inputPath := range inputPaths {
 					err = ctx.Rename(outputPaths[i], inputPath)
 					if err != nil {
 						return fmt.Errorf("rename output path: %w", err)
@@ -161,8 +461,6 @@ func convertRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 				}
 			}
 
-			// Last but not least, add the output paths to the context so that
-			// the API is able to send them as a response to the client.
 			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(outputPaths...)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)
@@ -182,9 +480,7 @@ func readMetadataRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 
-			// Let's get the data from the form and validate them.
 			var inputPaths []string
-
 			err := ctx.FormData().
 				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
 				Validate()
@@ -192,7 +488,6 @@ func readMetadataRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			// Alright, let's read the metadata.
 			res := make(map[string]map[string]interface{}, len(inputPaths))
 			for _, inputPath := range inputPaths {
 				metadata, err := engine.ReadMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), inputPath)
@@ -223,41 +518,22 @@ func writeMetadataRoute(engine gotenberg.PdfEngine) api.Route {
 		Handler: func(c echo.Context) error {
 			ctx := c.Get("context").(*api.Context)
 
-			// Let's get the data from the form and validate them.
-			var (
-				inputPaths []string
-				metadata   map[string]interface{}
-			)
+			form := ctx.FormData()
+			metadata := FormDataPdfMetadata(form, true)
 
-			err := ctx.FormData().
+			var inputPaths []string
+			err := form.
 				MandatoryPaths([]string{".pdf"}, &inputPaths).
-				MandatoryCustom("metadata", func(value string) error {
-					if len(value) > 0 {
-						err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value), &metadata)
-						if err != nil {
-							return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal metadata: %w", err)
-						}
-					}
-					if len(metadata) == 0 {
-						return errors.New("no metadata")
-					}
-					return nil
-				}).
 				Validate()
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("validate form data: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			// Alright, let's convert the PDFs.
-			for _, inputPath := range inputPaths {
-				err = engine.WriteMetadata(ctx, ctx.Log(), metadata, inputPath)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
-				}
+			err = WriteMetadataStub(ctx, engine, metadata, inputPaths)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write metadata: %w", err)
 			}
 
-			// Last but not least, add the output paths to the context so that
-			// the API is able to send them as a response to the client.
 			err = ctx.AddOutputPaths(inputPaths...)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("add output paths: %w", err)

pkg/modules/pdftk/doc.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // interface using the PDFtk command-line tool. This package allows for:
 //
 // 1. The merging of PDF files.
+// 2. The splitting of PDF files.
 //
 // The path to the PDFtk binary must be specified using the PDFTK_BIN_PATH
 // environment variable.

pkg/modules/pdftk/pdftk.go

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 package pdftk
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
@@ -51,6 +55,57 @@ func (engine *PdfTk) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (engine *PdfTk) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(engine.binPath, "--version") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	lines := bytes.SplitN(output, []byte("\n"), 2)
+	if len(lines) > 0 {
+		debug["version"] = string(lines[0])
+	} else {
+		debug["version"] = "Unable to determine PDFtk version"
+	}
+
+	return debug
+}
+
+// Split splits a given PDF file.
+func (engine *PdfTk) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	var args []string
+	outputPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", outputDirPath, filepath.Base(inputPath))
+
+	switch mode.Mode {
+	case gotenberg.SplitModePages:
+		if !mode.Unify {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs using mode '%s' without unify with PDFtk: %w", mode.Mode, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported)
+		}
+		args = append(args, inputPath, "cat", mode.Span, "output", outputPath)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs using mode '%s' with PDFtk: %w", mode.Mode, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported)
+	}
+
+	cmd, err := gotenberg.CommandContext(ctx, logger, engine.binPath, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = cmd.Exec()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs with PDFtk: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return []string{outputPath}, nil
+}
+
 // Merge combines multiple PDFs into a single PDF.
 func (engine *PdfTk) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 	var args []string
@@ -70,6 +125,11 @@ func (engine *PdfTk) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths [
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with PDFtk: %w", err)
 }
 
+// Flatten is not available in this implementation.
+func (engine *PdfTk) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDF with PDFtk: %w", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
+}
+
 // Convert is not available in this implementation.
 func (engine *PdfTk) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF to '%+v' with PDFtk: %w", formats, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
@@ -90,5 +150,6 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Module      = (*PdfTk)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner = (*PdfTk)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator   = (*PdfTk)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable  = (*PdfTk)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.PdfEngine   = (*PdfTk)(nil)
 )

pkg/modules/pdftk/pdftk_test.go

@@ -71,6 +71,50 @@ func TestPdfTk_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPdfTk_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *PdfTk
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version",
+			engine: &PdfTk{
+				binPath: "foo",
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			engine: &PdfTk{
+				binPath: "echo",
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "echo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.engine.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPdfTk_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		scenario    string
@@ -116,7 +160,7 @@ func TestPdfTk_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
 			}
 
-			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
@@ -142,6 +186,105 @@ func TestPdfTk_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPdfCpu_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario               string
+		ctx                    context.Context
+		mode                   gotenberg.SplitMode
+		inputPath              string
+		expectError            bool
+		expectedError          error
+		expectOutputPathsCount int
+		expectOutputPaths      []string
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario:               "ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectedError:          gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported (no unify with pages)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1", Unify: false},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectedError:          gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid context",
+			ctx:                    nil,
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid input path",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			inputPath:              "",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "success (pages & unify)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			inputPath:              "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			engine := new(PdfTk)
+			err := engine.Provision(nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
+			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			defer func() {
+				err = os.RemoveAll(fs.WorkingDirPath())
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+				}
+			}()
+
+			outputPaths, err := engine.Split(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), tc.mode, tc.inputPath, outputDir)
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectedError != nil && !errors.Is(err, tc.expectedError) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error %v but got: %v", tc.expectedError, err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectOutputPathsCount != len(outputPaths) {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d output paths but got %d", tc.expectOutputPathsCount, len(outputPaths))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPdfTk_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := new(PdfTk)
+	err := engine.Flatten(context.TODO(), zap.NewNop(), "")
+
+	if !errors.Is(err, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported) {
+		t.Errorf("expected error %v, but got: %v", gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestPdfTk_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := new(PdfTk)
 	err := engine.Convert(context.TODO(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.PdfFormats{}, "", "")

pkg/modules/qpdf/doc.go

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 // interface using the QPDF command-line tool. This package allows for:
 //
 // 1. The merging of PDF files.
+// 2. The splitting of PDF files.
+// 3. Flattening of PDF files
 //
 // The path to the QPDF binary must be specified using the QPDK_BIN_PATH
 // environment variable.

pkg/modules/qpdf/qpdf.go

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 package qpdf
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
@@ -45,12 +49,63 @@ func (engine *QPdf) Provision(ctx *gotenberg.Context) error {
 func (engine *QPdf) Validate() error {
 	_, err := os.Stat(engine.binPath)
 	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("QPdf binary path does not exist: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("QPDF binary path does not exist: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Debug returns additional debug data.
+func (engine *QPdf) Debug() map[string]interface{} {
+	debug := make(map[string]interface{})
+
+	cmd := exec.Command(engine.binPath, "--version") //nolint:gosec
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		debug["version"] = err.Error()
+		return debug
+	}
+
+	lines := bytes.SplitN(output, []byte("\n"), 2)
+	if len(lines) > 0 {
+		debug["version"] = string(lines[0])
+	} else {
+		debug["version"] = "Unable to determine QPDF version"
+	}
+
+	return debug
+}
+
+// Split splits a given PDF file.
+func (engine *QPdf) Split(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, mode gotenberg.SplitMode, inputPath, outputDirPath string) ([]string, error) {
+	var args []string
+	outputPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", outputDirPath, filepath.Base(inputPath))
+
+	switch mode.Mode {
+	case gotenberg.SplitModePages:
+		if !mode.Unify {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs using mode '%s' without unify with QPDF: %w", mode.Mode, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported)
+		}
+		args = append(args, inputPath, "--pages", ".", mode.Span, "--", outputPath)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs using mode '%s' with QPDF: %w", mode.Mode, gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported)
+	}
+
+	cmd, err := gotenberg.CommandContext(ctx, logger, engine.binPath, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = cmd.Exec()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split PDFs with QPDF: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return []string{outputPath}, nil
+}
+
 // Merge combines multiple PDFs into a single PDF.
 func (engine *QPdf) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []string, outputPath string) error {
 	var args []string
@@ -72,6 +127,28 @@ func (engine *QPdf) Merge(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPaths []
 	return fmt.Errorf("merge PDFs with QPDF: %w", err)
 }
 
+// Flatten merges annotation appearances with page content, deleting the
+// original annotations.
+func (engine *QPdf) Flatten(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, inputPath string) error {
+	var args []string
+	args = append(args, "--generate-appearances")
+	args = append(args, "--flatten-annotations=all")
+	args = append(args, "--replace-input")
+	args = append(args, inputPath)
+
+	cmd, err := gotenberg.CommandContext(ctx, logger, engine.binPath, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = cmd.Exec()
+	if err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("flatten PDFs with QPDF: %w", err)
+}
+
 // Convert is not available in this implementation.
 func (engine *QPdf) Convert(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, formats gotenberg.PdfFormats, inputPath, outputPath string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("convert PDF to '%+v' with QPDF: %w", formats, gotenberg.ErrPdfEngineMethodNotSupported)
@@ -91,5 +168,6 @@ var (
 	_ gotenberg.Module      = (*QPdf)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Provisioner = (*QPdf)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.Validator   = (*QPdf)(nil)
+	_ gotenberg.Debuggable  = (*QPdf)(nil)
 	_ gotenberg.PdfEngine   = (*QPdf)(nil)
 )

pkg/modules/qpdf/qpdf_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package qpdf
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
@@ -71,6 +73,50 @@ func TestQPdf_Validate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestQPdf_Debug(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		engine      *QPdf
+		expect      map[string]interface{}
+		doNotExpect map[string]interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario: "cannot determine version",
+			engine: &QPdf{
+				binPath: "foo",
+			},
+			expect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "foo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			scenario: "success",
+			engine: &QPdf{
+				binPath: "echo",
+			},
+			doNotExpect: map[string]interface{}{
+				"version": `exec: "echo": executable file not found in $PATH`,
+			},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			d := tc.engine.Debug()
+
+			if tc.expect != nil {
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.expect) {
+					t.Errorf("expected '%v' but got '%v'", tc.expect, d)
+				}
+			}
+
+			if tc.doNotExpect != nil {
+				if reflect.DeepEqual(d, tc.doNotExpect) {
+					t.Errorf("did not expect '%v'", d)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestQPdf_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		scenario    string
@@ -116,7 +162,7 @@ func TestQPdf_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
 			}
 
-			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem()
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
 			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
@@ -142,6 +188,191 @@ func TestQPdf_Merge(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestQPdf_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario               string
+		ctx                    context.Context
+		mode                   gotenberg.SplitMode
+		inputPath              string
+		expectError            bool
+		expectedError          error
+		expectOutputPathsCount int
+		expectOutputPaths      []string
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario:               "ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectedError:          gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported (no unify with pages)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1", Unify: false},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectedError:          gotenberg.ErrPdfSplitModeNotSupported,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid context",
+			ctx:                    nil,
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "invalid input path",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			inputPath:              "",
+			expectError:            true,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:               "success (pages & unify)",
+			ctx:                    context.TODO(),
+			mode:                   gotenberg.SplitMode{Mode: gotenberg.SplitModePages, Span: "1-2", Unify: true},
+			inputPath:              "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample1.pdf",
+			expectError:            false,
+			expectOutputPathsCount: 1,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			engine := new(QPdf)
+			err := engine.Provision(nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
+			outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			defer func() {
+				err = os.RemoveAll(fs.WorkingDirPath())
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+				}
+			}()
+
+			outputPaths, err := engine.Split(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), tc.mode, tc.inputPath, outputDir)
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectedError != nil && !errors.Is(err, tc.expectedError) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error %v but got: %v", tc.expectedError, err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectOutputPathsCount != len(outputPaths) {
+				t.Errorf("expected %d output paths but got %d", tc.expectOutputPathsCount, len(outputPaths))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQPdf_Flatten(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		scenario    string
+		ctx         context.Context
+		inputPath   string
+		createCopy  bool
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			scenario:    "invalid context",
+			ctx:         nil,
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:    "invalid input path",
+			ctx:         context.TODO(),
+			inputPath:   "foo.pdf",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			scenario:    "success",
+			ctx:         context.TODO(),
+			inputPath:   "/tests/test/testdata/pdfengines/sample3.pdf",
+			createCopy:  true,
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			engine := new(QPdf)
+			err := engine.Provision(nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			var destinationPath string
+			if tc.createCopy {
+				fs := gotenberg.NewFileSystem(new(gotenberg.OsMkdirAll))
+				outputDir, err := fs.MkdirAll()
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected error no but got: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				defer func() {
+					err = os.RemoveAll(fs.WorkingDirPath())
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("expected no error while cleaning up but got: %v", err)
+					}
+				}()
+
+				destinationPath = fmt.Sprintf("%s/copy_temp.pdf", outputDir)
+				source, err := os.Open(tc.inputPath)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("open source file: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				defer func(source *os.File) {
+					err := source.Close()
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("close file: %v", err)
+					}
+				}(source)
+
+				destination, err := os.Create(destinationPath)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("create destination file: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				defer func(destination *os.File) {
+					err := destination.Close()
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("close file: %v", err)
+					}
+				}(destination)
+
+				_, err = io.Copy(destination, source)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("copy source into destination: %v", err)
+				}
+			} else {
+				destinationPath = tc.inputPath
+			}
+
+			err = engine.Flatten(tc.ctx, zap.NewNop(), destinationPath)
+
+			if !tc.expectError && err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected no error but got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if tc.expectError && err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected error but got none")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestQPdf_Convert(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := new(QPdf)
 	err := engine.Convert(context.TODO(), zap.NewNop(), gotenberg.PdfFormats{}, "", "")

scripts/release.sh

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-# Args.
-GOLANG_VERSION="$1"
-GOTENBERG_VERSION="$2"
-GOTENBERG_USER_GID="$3"
-GOTENBERG_USER_UID="$4"
-NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION="$5"
-PDFTK_VERSION="$6"
-PDFCPU_VERSION="$7"
-DOCKER_REGISTRY="$8"
-DOCKER_REPOSITORY="$9"
-LINUX_AMD64_RELEASE="${10}"
-
-# Find out if given version is "semver".
-GOTENBERG_VERSION="${GOTENBERG_VERSION//v}"
-IFS='.' read -ra SEMVER <<< "$GOTENBERG_VERSION"
-VERSION_LENGTH=${#SEMVER[@]}
-TAGS=()
-TAGS_CLOUD_RUN=()
-
-if [ "$VERSION_LENGTH" -eq 3 ]; then
-  MAJOR="${SEMVER[0]}"
-  MINOR="${SEMVER[1]}"
-  PATCH="${SEMVER[2]}"
-
-  TAGS+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:latest")
-  TAGS+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR")
-  TAGS+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR.$MINOR")
-  TAGS+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR.$MINOR.$PATCH")
-
-  TAGS_CLOUD_RUN+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:latest-cloudrun")
-  TAGS_CLOUD_RUN+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR-cloudrun")
-  TAGS_CLOUD_RUN+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR.$MINOR-cloudrun")
-  TAGS_CLOUD_RUN+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$MAJOR.$MINOR.$PATCH-cloudrun")
-else
-    # Normalizes version.
-    GOTENBERG_VERSION="${GOTENBERG_VERSION// /-}"
-    GOTENBERG_VERSION="$(echo "$GOTENBERG_VERSION" | tr -cd '[:alnum:]._\-')"
-
-    if [[ "$GOTENBERG_VERSION" =~ ^[\.\-] ]]; then
-      GOTENBERG_VERSION="_${GOTENBERG_VERSION#?}"
-    fi
-
-    if [ "${#GOTENBERG_VERSION}" -gt 128 ]; then
-      GOTENBERG_VERSION="${GOTENBERG_VERSION:0:128}"
-    fi
-
-  TAGS+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$GOTENBERG_VERSION")
-  TAGS_CLOUD_RUN+=("-t" "$DOCKER_REGISTRY/$DOCKER_REPOSITORY:$GOTENBERG_VERSION-cloudrun")
-fi
-
-# Multi-arch build takes a lot of time.
-if [ "$LINUX_AMD64_RELEASE" = true ]; then
-    PLATFORM_FLAG="--platform linux/amd64"
-else
-    PLATFORM_FLAG="--platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/386,linux/arm/v7"
-fi
-
-docker buildx build \
-  --build-arg GOLANG_VERSION="$GOLANG_VERSION" \
-  --build-arg GOTENBERG_VERSION="$GOTENBERG_VERSION" \
-  --build-arg GOTENBERG_USER_GID="$GOTENBERG_USER_GID" \
-  --build-arg GOTENBERG_USER_UID="$GOTENBERG_USER_UID" \
-  --build-arg NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION="$NOTO_COLOR_EMOJI_VERSION" \
-  --build-arg PDFTK_VERSION="$PDFTK_VERSION" \
-  --build-arg PDFCPU_VERSION="$PDFCPU_VERSION" \
-  $PLATFORM_FLAG \
-  "${TAGS[@]}" \
-  --push \
-  -f build/Dockerfile .
-
-# Cloud Run variant.
-# Only linux/amd64! See https://github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg/issues/505#issuecomment-1264679278.
-docker buildx build \
-  --build-arg DOCKER_REGISTRY="$DOCKER_REGISTRY" \
-  --build-arg DOCKER_REPOSITORY="$DOCKER_REPOSITORY" \
-  --build-arg GOTENBERG_VERSION="$GOTENBERG_VERSION" \
-  --platform linux/amd64 \
-  "${TAGS_CLOUD_RUN[@]}" \
-  --push \
-  -f build/Dockerfile.cloudrun .

test/Dockerfile

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ ENV CGO_ENABLED=1
 COPY --from=golang /usr/local/go /usr/local/go
 
 RUN apt-get update -qq &&\
+    apt-get upgrade -yqq &&\
     apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends  \
     sudo \
     # gcc for cgo.